Background: Today, methods that enable students to benefit from online programs to the fullest and learn independently and self-directed are of critical importance. Many scales have been developed to measure self-directed learning in the physical classroom. This study was conducted to design and assess the psychometric properties of an instrument…

Successful middle schools exhibit effective practices that engage families as valued partners. However, as at-home learning increasingly shifts to digital spaces, parents may have concerns with technology and how their role shifts in digital learning environments. This includes concerns about the balancing act for parents wishing to encourage…

Background: It has been assumed that prompting students to plan, monitor and evaluate their learning process could stimulate strategy use and thereby improve learning outcomes. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effects of metacognitive prompts on students' self-regulated learning (SRL) and learning outcomes in the context of…

Language learners in higher education increasingly use out-of-class self-directed learning facilitated by mobile technology. In order to make informed educational decisions, this study sets out to provide an overview of empirical research into learning strategies that self-directed learners use with the support of mobile technology in language…

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the availability of online higher education programs and tools has grown rapidly. One example is an individual digital study assistant (IDSA) for students, which provides functionalities to train self-regulation skills, to engage with own educational goals and to offer automated, first-level support to higher…

The importance of self-directed language learning is well documented. Yet whether and how teachers in K-12 contexts can facilitate self-directed language learning, particularly during the pandemic, remains underexplored. Informed by a sociocultural conceptualization of self-directed language learning as socially mediated action, this study…

Generative artificial intelligence has become the focus of the intelligent education field, especially in the generation of personalized learning resources. Current learning resource generation methods recommend customized courses based on learning styles and interests, improving learning efficiency. However, these methods cannot generate…

It is known that teachers commonly utilize learning platforms equipped with Learning Analytics Dashboards (LAD) to support students in their Self-Regulated Learning (SRL) endeavors. However, students may struggle to effectively employ LAD due to a lack of sufficient metacognitive skills. Co-regulation of learning (CoRL) has been proven to…

This study investigated the preparedness and experience of students for the fast-paced convergence of ICT and higher education. Overall, 366 distance students with a history of self-directed learning through correspondence courses were profiled using structured text-based online interviews. Twelve students' attributes on ICT material possession…

Self-directed learning is a critical competence for living and working in our increasingly complex and unpredictable world. The concept of self-directed learning grew out of the adult learning field and scholars highlight the need to examine how self-directed learning competence can be fostered during childhood. However, there are very few…

Self-directed learning and self-assessment require student responsibility over learning needs, goals, processes, and outcomes. However, this student-led learning can be challenging to achieve in a classroom limited by a one-to-many teacher-led instruction. We, thus, have designed and prototyped a generative artificial intelligence chatbot…

Background: Scholars have confirmed the vital roles of self-regulated learning (SRL) behaviours in predicting task performance, especially within non-linear technology-rich learning environments (TREs). However, few studies focused on the learning costs (e.g., study effort and time-on-task) related to SRL and the efficiency outcome of SRL (i.e.,…

The emergence of chatbots and language models, such as ChatGPT has the potential to aid university students' learning experiences. However, despite its potential, ChatGPT is relatively new. There are limited studies that have investigated its usage readiness, and perceived usefulness among students for academic purposes. This study investigated…

This dissertation addresses the critical issue of student e-readiness for online learning, particularly in developing countries where the challenges and disparities in access to technology and digital literacy are pronounced. Despite the increasing adoption of online education, the readiness of students to effectively engage in e-learning remains…

This study evaluated the effects of behavior skills training (BST) as a means to acquire and generalize self-instruction behaviors using video activity schedules (VidAS) loaded on an iPod Touch for four U.S. high school students with intellectual disabilities. Behavior skills training procedures were implemented in two different vocational…