The complementary, but distinct, approaches of computer assisted instruction (CAI) and intelligent tutoring systems (ITS) are first summarized, then followed by a collection of papers discussing shared issues toward which these complementary approaches are directed. The purpose of this book is to foster a mutual understanding of shared issues and complementary approaches so as to further powerful educational applications of computing. Chapters include: "The Design of Computer-Based Mathematics Instruction" (Sharon Dugdale); "From Syntax to Semantics in Foreign Language CAI" (Gerald R. Culley); "LISP Intelligent Tutoring System: Research in Skill Acquisition" (Albert T. Corbett and John R. Anderson); "Knowledge Representation and Explanation in GIL, An Intelligent Tutor for Programming" (Brian J. Resier, Daniel Y. Kimberg, Marsha C. Lovett, and Michael Ranney); "A Practical Guide for the Creation of Educational Software" (Ruth W. Chabay and Bruce A. Sherwood); "Realizing the Revolution: A Brief Case Study" (George Brackett); "SHERLOCK: A Coached Practice Environment for an Electronics Troubleshooting Job" (Alan Lesgold, Susanne Lajoie, Marilyn Bunzo, and Gary Eggan); and "From PROUST to CHIRON: ITS Design as Iterative Engineering; Intermediate Results Are Important!" (Warren Sack and Elliot Soloway). Includes an author index, program index, and subject index. (MAS)