Investigates the effects of an advance organizer lesson, presenting high-order science concepts and an elementary problem solving strategy for determining causal relations on children's use of operations of exclusion (as defined by Inhelder and Piaget, 1958). Results suggest that acceptable solutions to problems requiring the operations of…

Results obtained from the research were inconsistent, indicating no support for the thesis that objectives aid learning. Research recommendations are submitted, with conclusions drawn reflecting the positive attitudes toward presenting objectives. (JB)

This study concerns determining whether three types of advance organizers (visual, audio, or written) had any effect upon learning a biological concept as measured by a constructed achievement test and whether advance organizers are more effective across learner variables of I.Q., abstract reasoning and sex. One hundred twenty randomly selected…

This study investigated the effects of advance organizers on selected cognitive styles and structures within a programmed task of grammatical usage. More specifically, the immediate effects of advance organizers were assessed as they related to subjects' field dependency or independency and high or low levels of prior knowledge of general grammar…

The accuracy of the feeling-of-knowing was assessed with regard to recall and recognition under three conditions: advanced or nonadvanced organizers; learned or nonlearned information; and sex differences. Twenty subjects learned pair-associates and were tested for recall and recognition, accompanied by ratings of feeling-of-knowing strength.…

The brain is a complex organ and learning is a complex process. While there is not complete agreement among researchers about brain-based learning and its direct connection to neuroscience, knowledge about the brain as well as the examination of cognitive psychology, anthropology, professional experience, and educational research can provide…

To investigate whether a previewing technique, transferred to the television medium, enhances children's comprehension of a televised story, two studies developed a one and one-half minute edited video, designed using a variation of Ausubel's advance organizers and constructed to provide children with a brief overview of the basic plot structure…

A number of examples are presented to illustrate a common flaw in the published research on learning, memory, and instruction. Experimental subjects--often college students--have certain expectations about the problems they will be asked to solve and about the questions that will appear on reading comprehension or recall tests; these expectations…

An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of providing learners with instructional objectives prior to instruction with non objectives-based materials. The objectives of these materials were inferred by the researchers. Sixty-four university students were randomly assigned to treatment groups in which they received either no objectives,…

Using a framework to review the research, this article evaluates the effectiveness of adjunct questions and objectives in a prose learning setting. The framework proved useful in identifying processes responsible for the effects of the two adjunct aids, in explaining unusual and/or discrepant results, and generating recommendations for future…

This report describes an attempt to apply a critical empirical test to some predictions from Ausubel's theory concerning the subsuming role of advance organizers. Alternative explanations are proposed and subsequent predictions tested. (BT)

Calls for less repetition in the opening parts of business or technical reports, i.e., in cover letters, prefaces, abstracts, and introductions. Examines theoretical and empirical work on repetition in discourse and on designing effective unrepetitive openings for business and technical reports. (PD)

This thesis reports a study of the effects of two types of advance organizer instruction, expository (EO) and guided self-discovery (GSDO), in teaching hierarchical classification or relations to preschool children. In the study, four experimental and one control group received three 25 minute instructional sessions. Using the same materials,…

Eighty college students with no computer programing experience were the subjects of a study to determine the effects of the use of advanced organizers and subject control of instruction on performance. Students either received a logical or a scrambled sequence of instructional frames on computer programing, were either allowed to alter the order…

This study investigated the effects of prefatory statements (advance organizers) on the listening comprehension of 310 Cliffside Park, New Jersey, fourth and fifth graders. Six null hypotheses were tested: two examining the differences in listening comprehension between students of both grade levels who used and did not use prefatory statements;…