This booklet offers a summary of research literature on educational productivity, as well as interpretive comments by the author on the implications of such research for restructuring educational programs at the elementary and secondary levels. The booklet is organized in three sections. Part 1 describes the principal methods and techniques used…

Notes that the most common educational research methods (large-scale surveys and field observations) have failed to examine the processes by which school participants create school structures. Advocates constitutive ethnography as a new approach and presents examples of its application in examining classrooms, lessons, educational testing, and…

Sketches the background of mobbing (bullying) in the workplace. Analyzes the school related debate on mobbing. Takes into account the structure and interaction related characteristics of the teaching profession. Asks whether these characteristics can lead to a higher potential for mobbing and how this potential should be assessed. (CAJ)

The effect of school climate on student learning was considered important by educators until the late 1960s, was discounted as a result of major research findings during the 1970s, and is now beginning to reemerge as a potentially critical factor suitable for study, according to the author of this paper. Reviewing the literature, the author notes…

This paper is a critical assessment of the theory and evidence on three general issues in comparative education. It assesses the factors affecting the origins and expansion of national educational systems; the factors influencing the organizational structure and ideologies of systems of mass schooling and higher education; and the effects of…

Although a large number of studies on supervision have been redundant, some important empirical knowledge has been gained from research in this area. Gwaltney, Andburg, Blumberg, Weber and Amidon, and Marquit have studied the differing perceptions of supervisory behavior by teachers, supervisors, and administrators. Gross and Herriot and later…

Questionnaires were administered to the staffs of two elementary schools as part of a program to identify salient forces within schools that facilitate or inhibit the implementation of educational innovations. One school, an "experimental" school, was engaged in a district differentiated staffing project; the other, a "control" school, was a…

The annual report for 1971 of the activities of the Council for Cultural Cooperation and Cultural Fund in Great Britain is presented in this booklet. An introduction overviews the goals and activities of the Council, and then a first chapter considers the organization of education. A second chapter discusses curricula, content, and subjects, while…

The "knowledge explosion" in the world today presents increasing demands that citizens be able to read with understanding, insight, and critical analysis. Every child who enters the public schools must have at his disposal an instructional program in reading from kindergarten through grade twelve that is designed to allow him to develop…

This review summarizes longitudinal research (as it relates to concerns of learner specialists) reported in "Research in Education,""Reading Research Quarterly," and "Dissertation Abstracts International" during 1960-72. Emphases discovered were: beginning and remedial reading; programs and school organization; admission to, retention in, and…

The author of "A Study of Schooling," following up an article in the March "Phi Delta Kappan," notes the noncorrelation of school satisfaction with teaching methods or curriculum; discusses educational goals; examines schools' concentration on noneducational factors; and recommends changes in goal-setting, school-level…

Reviews hierarchical linear models that have been developed to address problems of the measurement of change and the unit of analysis in educational research. Introduces a three-level hierarchical model that should constitute the basic paradigm for future quantitative research on student learning. (Author/BJV)

In 1984, the Swedish National Board of Education inaugurated a major research program on decentralized school administration. The research undertaken at the University of Lund focused upon regional and local school administration: county education committee, local education authority, local education office, and head teachers. Results are…

Using examples of school change, this document discusses both Swedish experiences with local educational development and theories of schools and change. An introduction gives background information on Sweden's schools and its parlimentary activities on education. Section 2 reviews the history of local educational development, especially…

Empirical research pertaining to the relationship between external agencies' decisions and the implementation of these decisions suggests two conclusions. First, the implementors of change are likely to view externally initiated change with apprehension and resistance, and second, when external agencies initiate change, the result depends on…