Demography, economics, concentrated decision making, and politicization, will constitute the future policymaking environment for education. In addition, these conditions are likely to have a direct effect upon educators themselves; they will provoke higher levels of conflict within and among education organizations. (Author/BW)

A number of ways in which evaluations may be biased are illustrated: (1) policy and political purposes for evaluations; (2) sources of policy or political bias prior to evaluation activities; (3) limitations and biases within the evaluation itself; and (4) utilization of evaluation information in the policy process. (Author/GK)

The example of the Republic of Ireland has been used to illustrate the argument that policies and ideologies operating in and transforming institutions at the nation-state level cannot be understood solely by reference to forces confined within nation-state boundaries. (Author/KC)

Reviews long-term plans drawn up by the Ministry of Education and the USSR Academy of Pedagogical Sciences regarding educational establishments and educational programs in the Soviet Union. Emphasis is placed on forecasting educational development problems and policies. (DB)

Changes in educational research in the last years of the Soviet Union occurred because research could no longer serve as a branch of total planning in an engineered society. Researchers floundered when faced with new forms of political authority and social relations, but then addressed new questions of teaching and learning. This process may have…

Giroux attempts to bring several new discourses into ongoing scholarly conversations about radical pedagogy, attempting to introduce radical educators to the principles and language of scholarship in modernism, postmodernism, postcolonial studies, and cultural studies. Educators who cross disciplinary boundaries are certain to develop more…

Evidence presented suggests that indicator systems monitor what is valued and that teachers teach what is monitored. That which is monitored is bound by time, context, and politics. Indicators should embody the best knowledge and democratic values, which has not always been the case, to result in educational improvement. (SLD)

Criticizes social justice policies of the Labour government in the United Kingdom because they promote formal equality in the schools without working for substantive equity in outcomes of education. Naive multiculturalism is an inadequate policy response to the institutionalized racism that pervades the contemporary education system. (SLD)

Explores ways that the study of special educational needs have changed in the last decade and a half of educational policy-making. Focuses on key theoretical changes and shifts of emphasis in substantive concerns. Notes tendencies to allow social and political values to guide educational provision instead of psychological or sociological…

High-stakes tests seriously threaten excellence and national standards. Unchecked, they will stifle many excellent schools and drive gifted teachers from classrooms. Bad tests, used to make high-stakes decisions, will lead to unnecessarily low standards, undesirable educational practices, shortchanged students, and underprepared citizens.…

Tests a model that explains why school districts choose to enact sex-related education and health programs using information from a 1992 survey by the Council of Urban Boards of Education (United Kingdom) survey. Identifies factors, such as perceived local support, that affect the likelihood a school board will adopt such a program. (SLD)

The crux of this study lies in the consideration of the manner in which rights to citizenship are granted or denied, and in which the ensuing educational policy toward an ethnic minority influences identity formation. In this article the author first introduces a brief background of the two ethnic groups, ethnic Chinese in Korea and ethnic Koreans…

State Universities and Colleges (SUC's) in the Philippines are usually established by converting technical/vocational high schools into a full-blown university through legislative fiat to satisfy political agenda. Political influence appears to be inevitable particularly in the areas of jurisdiction and governance. Three (3) state universities in…

This study examined the media coverage of California higher education in the popular press in four of the state's major dailies. In particular the study examined the roles that the San Francisco Chronicle, the Sacramento Bee, the Los Angeles Times, and the San Jose Mercury News play in fostering the public debate about higher education. All the…

Investigations into the Brazilian education system indicate the system's inadequacies in democratizing education. Instead, education is accessible to those who can afford it and not to those who most need it. Although research evidence consistently shows the positive relationship between socioeconomic characteristics and school access and…