In the GDR, goals in English teaching arise from political considerations. Subject matter increasingly becomes the GDR itself. English teaching is expected to increase the student's awareness of the class struggle. In speaking and reading skills also, goals differ from those in the Federal Republic. (Text is in German.) (IFS/WGA)

Describes Cuba's unique approach to indoctrinating high school students in communist beliefs. It places urban students in work-study schools in the countryside to separate them from (1) urban elitism and (2) family influence which conditions attitudes toward career goals. As a result, young adults are more willing to be sent wherever they are…

Noting that, as a developing socialist society, China requires an educational system which develops in the individual both political loyalty and technical skill, the author surveys China's efforts, from 1949 to the present, to implement these two potentially conflicting educational objectives. (SJL)

There is no unemployment in mainland China, where the government uses work to control the lives of one-fourth of the world's population. From his 1978 trip, the author describes impressions of Chinese life and work in a still underdeveloped and largely unindustrialized country. (MF)

Since the 1950s, the politicization of Chinese education has reflected the Communist Party's macropolitical goal orientation. Because that orientation now is fixed on economic growth and modernization as the basis for political legitimacy, the current repoliticization of higher education is unlikely to intensify or generalize throughout the…

This paper reviews the history of early childhood education in China between 1949 and 1990. After the Communist revolution in 1949, China's educational policy was modeled after the Soviet Union's. Preschool pedagogy emphasized conditioning children's behavior and providing a comfortable environment for children. The number of nurseries and…

Describes impressions of Chinese education from an August 1978 visit and the changes in the educational system since 1949, when the communist party came to power, to increase political study, practical learning, and manual labor. Individual development is only a means to the goal of national growth. (MF)

The author describes how, since the youth disruptions of the "Gang of Four" era, the Chinese Communist Central Committee has more closely monitored moral behavior, promulgating a code of conduct for elementary and secondary students. The objectives of Chinese ideological and moral education and selected instructional procedures are…

Reports excerpts from a discussion meeting held by a scientific council on problems of youth policy in the USSR in 1990. Discusses the problems of restructuring the Soviet education system in keeping with the goals of Perestroika. Includes comments on socialism, curriculum, and the goals of the education system. (DK)

The "secondary school in the country" is a concept becoming a reality in revolutionary Cuba. The concept is based on Cuba's need to feed itself and on the pedagogic and ideological premises that productive work molds man, that responsible participation by youth in building a new society is achieved by association with economic and social…

Analyzes changing approaches to moral education in China from 1949 to 1989, including the Cultural Revolution. Characterizes moral education as reflecting political ideology, used for political indoctrination. Claims that moral education benefits the government and not the individual. Lists teaching principles and discusses political courses…

Describes the communist Chinese national curriculum in social studies, a broad term that includes moral and political education, as well as traditional subjects. Includes a sample moral and political education lesson, " Socialism is Good," and lists of several textbook contents and curriculum guides. Provides a brief educational history.…

While in the early years of the People's Republic of China (PRC), Russian was emphasized at the expense of English, now the learning of English is encouraged. Students who learn English begin studying in primary school, continue into middle school, with the more talented of the politically qualified getting further study in Chinese institutions of…

This book examines the part played both by tradition and by the Cultural Revolution in the educational system of Communist China. The author discusses Mao's thoughts on the nature of man, society and knowledge, his relation to European Marxism and his ideas on education. These are then seen in the context of traditional history, philosophy, and…

The booklet discusses educational problems in China after the 1949 Revolution and describes policies of the Chinese Communist Party to counteract those problems. Examining the educational problems in the context of the sociocultural environment, the booklet identifies major problems as low levels of productivity, limited educational resources, and…