The literature on reform indicates that most proposed reforms are not implemented. Some causes of this are explored and it is suggested that many causes are located at the interfaces between politicians, planners, bureaucrats, and educators. The key persons capable of ameliorating the problems are professional planners and senior bureaucrats.…

Claims all African governments seek to modify their inherited colonial system of education to meet the needs of an emerging nation, and those efforts produce a reform document but do not result in reform. States attention must be given to education reform, resources, structures, determiners of change, management, and implementation methods. (NL)

Discusses the debate surrounding the education of gifted students in Hungary, examining whether an elitist or a democratic solution should be adopted. Considers the educational past, current problems, and psychological and pedagogical issues. Concludes that the best solution would be a democratic system that minimized social inequalities. (GEA)

Discusses the recent crisis in educational planning, proposing the adoption of business models for educational management. Describes ways to apply this approach to education policy. Identifies the problems of education, and suggests guidelines for change in educational policy. (RW)

Examines the impact of external debt in Latin America on education in Latin America. Discusses areas of educational policy that require reform to cope with the adjustment process. Urges planned reform to preserve efficiency and equity in providing education. Argues that Latin American governments must promote partnership and responsibility among…

Presents criteria for the study of educational administration in various economic, cultural, and political contexts. Examines the theoretical perspectives of contemporary educational administration, focusing on Latin America. Outlines traditional administrative theory and proposes a multidimensional paradigm of educational administration.…

Argues history and philosophy of education, comparative education, and pedagogy are of enormous importance to basic teacher training and preparation programs. Describes the state of educational research in Spain that is undergoing rapid expansion. Claims comparative education is an effective means of improving world education systems. (NL)

Discusses the state of education in Africa. Argues that programs must be modified according to the political, social, and economic conditions of each country. States that school enrollments have stagnated, and quality of education has declined, resulting in increased school failure and a low level of cognitive achievement. Discusses collaborative…

Discusses educational planning and administration in the Arab countries during the last decade. Outlines future prospects as they appeared before the Gulf War. Includes structure, practice, mechanisms, and relations between planning structures and administrative authorities. Divides area by geographical contiguity, socio-cultural similarities,…

Analyzes current education reform in Japan. Develops historical background, examining major educational reforms since 1868. Presents the National Council on Education Reform's stated objectives. Discusses lifelong learning, individuality (rather than standardization) in education and the reform movement's guiding principles responding to…

Considers the problematic nature of the role of the state in developing nations' education, specifically Latin American education. Analyzes several major challenges: (1) reconciling bureaucratic efficiency with educational equity; (2) allocating dwindling resources to ensure both basic adult education and higher education capable of producing…