In response to concerns regarding school quality, state policy-makers reformed their charter school authorization processes to impose greater regulatory barriers to chartering. These barriers to market entry could impose substantial burdens for Black and Latino would-be charter operators, as well as independent operators, who may lack access to…

When the U.S. Department of Education (ED) signaled that the broad waivers for state assessments it had offered in 2019-20 would not be widely offered in 2021, it sought to balance the need for student learning data to inform pandemic recovery with the very real operational challenges states face in administering tests this year. This policy…

To best train and support school leaders in their evolving roles, they require high-quality preparation and in-service pipelines that both address the changing demands on their positions and acknowledge the cascading effects that well-prepared leaders have on both student outcomes and in school culture and retention. Including school leaders in…

Many layers of education governance press upon U.S. schools, so we separated state actors into those internal to and those external to the system. In the process, we unpacked the traditional state-local dichotomy. Using interview data (n = 45) from six case-study states, we analyzed local leaders', state-internal actors', and state-external…

Oregon's Legislature in 2011 affirmed a clear and ambitious goal for the State, known as the "40-40-20" goal, which states that by 2025 all adult Oregonians will hold a high school diploma or equivalent, 40% of them will have an associate's degree or a meaningful postsecondary certificate, and 40% will hold a bachelor's degree or…

This report provides six mini-case studies of higher education policy reforms enacted in other states, exploring the important role that state policy leadership played in developing, promoting, and implementing these policies aimed at improving higher education outcomes, and discussing the relevance of each reform effort for California. This…

This booklet presents revised minimum standards for Oregon public schools, as formally adopted by the Oregon State Board of Education in June 1976. Separate sections of the standards focus in turn on educational goals, accreditation, instructional planning, instructional programs, student services, staff and class load, media and materials,…

THE MINORITY OF PEOPLE WHO OCCUPY THE TOP LEADERSHIP LEVEL IN COMMUNITY ACTIVITIES WERE DISCUSSED IN THIS PAPER. VARIOUS CONCEPTS OF THE COMMUNITY POWER STRUCTURE WERE REVIEWED, AND SOME RESEARCH FINDINGS WERE REPORTED ON A COMPARATIVE STUDY CONDUCTED IN THE POWER STRUCTURES OF THREE COMMUNITIES. FOUR ACTIVITY AREAS WERE STUDIED FOR EACH…

A decision model is presented for use in connection with data that are currently available in State departments of education to determine economies of scale for a State system of public school districts. An application of the model to the State of Oregon illustrates how economies of scale information for a State system can be used by policymakers…

School boards of small Oregon school districts must prepare and adopt policies, regulations, and rules to meet the basic requirements of state statutes and regulations. The suggested policies deal only with a minimum number of issues that come before the school board and for which it is responsible. Seven policies and rules are provided: (1)…

This document presents a plan for course and credit transfer between Oregon community colleges and Oregon University System (OUS) institutions. It outlines the current and proposed policies, practices, and procedures for providing effective course and credit transfer in the state. The document also provides a summary of intersector communication…

This conference report on militancy in education contains papers presented by experts in collective negotiations and seeks to present a balanced point of view of collective negotiations by involving teacher organization representatives, school administrators, school board members, and university faculty members. Topics covered include problems in…

This report outlines recent efforts and offers specific policy recommendations to improve transfer and articulation policies within the Oregon State university system. After taking note of the growing scope and complexity of transfer and articulation throughout the nation, and in Oregon in particular, it discusses the effects of distance…

This report explores state level governance as it is currently practiced in the states of Alaska, Idaho, Oregon, Montana, and Washington. After a brief introduction, section II's attention to the evolution of state boards offers a historical perspective of state intervention in educational policy-making, a review of major questions concerning the…

Since 1969, the Oregon State Board of Education has undertaken to reverse the trend toward providing a single, rigid program for all students, regardless of their abilities, interests, needs, or learning styles. The new standards focus on the concept of providing students an opportunity to learn and demonstrate specific "survival"…