The author examines the debate between John Dewey and the Social Efficiency philosophers in the early 1900's over vocational education to show that tensions today over that issue have antecedents dating from the beginning of the century. (MJB)

Notes that lateral thinking is represented by the person who is able to exhibit exploratory behavior, while vertical thinkers take the most reasonable view of a situation and then proceed logically and carefully to work it out. Much of education and teacher education in particular reflects vertical thinking. (Author/AM)

Discusses the evolution and the tenets of the LIFECAREER philosophy developed jointly by the authors and based on Young's theory of "general universe process." Considers the ways in which vocational choices are made and the life-long nature of career development. Evaluates career development theories. (JHZ)

The concept of freedom in A. S. Neill's philosophy of education is examined for what it is and what it is not, and is compared with various alternative educational philosophies. (GW)

Educators are warned against trying to implement open education without first understanding and believing in the philosophical, personal, and professional roots'' from which present open education practices have sprung. Twenty-nine assumptions about children's learning and about knowledge that reflect the philosophy of most open education…

The educational system is an invention by people to control the life force of conative energy. It teaches individuals to deny their own creative self-fulfillment and future options, to amass authoritative abstractions, and to welcome adulthood within the parameters given by others. (Author/SJL)

Disciplinary and professional psychology have exercised considerable influence over the ways in which Western individuals and societies understand what it is to be a person. During the last half of the 20th century, educational psychologists advanced scientific and humanistic conceptions of the self that removed personhood from the historical,…

Inspired by the work of Donald Schon and John Dewey, educators today consider reflective practice a viable alternative to the technical-rational paradigm that has historically dominated educational thought in the United States. This paper argues that wholetheme constructivism can lead to a deeper understanding of reflective practice. Dewey…

The philosophy of phenomenologist Maurice Merleau-Ponty, who views the individual and society as contributors to a dynamic, ambiguous process, is applicable to educational philosophy. Merleau-Ponty's concern with free men and their relationship to the world centers on his concept of self, others, intersubjectivity, and morality. The self's contact…

This paper examines the relationship of educational goals to some fundamental beliefs. Four research findings judged as well-substantiated but not yet having full effect on educational thinking were considered: (1) The breadth and magnitude of human capacities and resources far exceed present levels of actualization within persons or societies;…

The article explains the importance of seeing education as a process of continuous learning, both for the benefit of the older adult and for the benefit of society, which needs people capable of learning new information throughout their lives. (CD)

Describes interviews with high school teachers and students from New Hampshire, Illinois, and Georgia in which the author asked teachers and students to define the term "character" as part of an investigation into the moral lives of children. (MD)

By assuming personal responsibility for their own professional growth and development, educators can help young people become independent and socially responsible on shaping their future social environment. (MB)

Fitting the school to the child now requires knowledge of developmental stages, understanding of the theory of match,'' the impact of life environment conditions on learning style and attitudes, and awareness of cognitive-affective interaction processes. (Author)