This classic essay by Eduard Spranger (1882-1963) is here published for the first time in English, in a translation by Stephanie Wilde. In this contribution Spranger discusses and advocates the need for a vocational school that addresses the civic and individual needs of students as well as the vocational requirements of the nation. He emphasises…

In this paper, following some brief introductory remarks, I provide a context to this Symposium by presenting a brief autobiographical account explaining how I became involved in curriculum theory and the idea of a knowledge-led curriculum and how I was led to write the paper under discussion. I then make brief comments on each of the six papers…

Research into Vocational Education and Training (VET) has undergone major developments in the last 60 years. This is particularly true of the last 30 years. The rising political, social and economic priority of VET has been principally responsible for this development. However, it is also true to say that some of the disciplines of education have…

Managing people requires ongoing living in a harmony and to educate citizens who would support this status. It is not easy to continue the existence of management which can perform different cultures. The different management style is different educational systems. The management style also directly affects the country's educational philosophy.…

This work is based on the experience of the authors' involvement in the development of a Masters of Vocational Pedagogy program in Uganda and Southern Sudan between 2007 and 2011. This is also grounded in work with Vocational Education and Culture (VET) over many years. The terms VET and Culture are interdependent; both terms are highly contested…

The chapters in this volume give an account of the process of modernisation and educational reform in Russia, variously considering the cultural and political dilemmas provoked by democratisation, the structural and policy challenges associated with the reform of higher and vocational education, and the deep divisions exposed as socio-cultural…

Examines results by the Western European community in carrying out activities in vocational education on a joint or mutually coordinated basis. (DB)

A group of British researchers visited Bielefeld, West Germany, for 5 days in order to look at the German system of prevocational/vocational education programs for 14-19 year olds. The results of their observations and interviews were the following: (1) despite the differences in their education and training systems, the United Kingdom and West…

Literature study is seen to be useful in the labor training of pupils. Combined with history and social studies, it creates understanding of life, its patterns, and interpersonal relationships that people encounter in the labor process. Literature should be studied from the viewpoint of philosophical, social, and moral problems. (Author/AV)

A review of the history of vocational and postsecondary technical education in the United States and the Soviet Union demonstrates how historical background, social values, environment, and institutional characteristics affected the development of two different systems. The seemingly fragmented pluralist model in the United States appears more…

Discusses curriculum development to provide Soviet students with a labor education which is consistent with communist ideology. Discusses relationship between schools and agricultural and industrial enterprises, educational practices at various grade levels, educational objectives, pupils' production brigades, teachers' role, and agricultural…

Technology and education are both rapidly being internationalized. In order to promote exchanges and cooperation in technology education between Asian countries and New Zealand, it is necessary to study the trends in Asian countries. The following trends were found in five Asian countries or economies (Hong Kong, Japan, Singapore, South Korea, and…

This study provides a profile of the educational system of Ireland. It is intended as background reading for University of West Florida officials involved with evaluating applications for admission of students from Ireland. The Irish educational system can be divided into primary (elementary), post primary (secondary), and tertiary education…

In a speech delivered at a conference on "Education and Working Life," the author discusses the importance of a vocational education policy which allows for work opportunities irrespective of formal educational qualifications, and corrects the bias toward general education in the hierarchy of social values. (KC)

Junior colleges, which began to expand in size and importance in the 1960s, have had a profound impact on the economy and social structure of Taiwan. The junior colleges of Taiwan resemble tech prep programs in the United States. Today, 74 junior colleges in Taiwan enroll 200,000 students in grades 10-14 and almost another 200,000 in 2-year…