The aim of this paper is to identify and explore 'enablers' to a lived calling: those people, things or events that pave the way for individuals to live their calling. These enablers emerged from a study of sixty-five Australian respondents across a range of industries. The results of the research, which utilised the grounded theory research…

Introduction: Youth aged 15-29 who are not engaged in education, employment, or training (NEET) represent a critical concern within the European Union (EU). Aim: This review aims to ascertain whether existing studies address the impact of living in either rural or urban settings, or in specific types of neighborhoods, on the likelihood of young…

We study the 1992 higher education expansion reform in Turkey and examine how the expansion program changed higher education attainment and labor market access, particularly for women, who are disadvantaged on both accounts. We use the 2011 Population and Housing Census and employ a difference-in-differences estimation strategy. We find that the…

Purpose: This study identifies gendered disparities among women students participating in work-integrated learning and explores the effects of the disparities on their perceptions on perceived opportunities, competencies, sense of belonging, and professional identity. Design/methodology/approach: A series of semi-structured focus groups were run…

This study examined the phenomenon known as Brain Drain and how it affects the identities of educated Balkan immigrants who have emigrated to the United States to study in a university and willingly accept their transformational process as a hybrid identity. Hybrid identities (Smith & Leavy, 2008) of skilled immigrants contribute to the…

Many studies have highlighted the limited 'opportunity structures' of working-class undergraduates. However, there have been few studies exploring how students' agentic internal conversations mediate societal structures. Internal conversation is a reflexive process in which thoughts and decisions are considered in relation to social circumstances.…

With a General Election just weeks away -- what are the British public's views on equality of opportunity and social mobility? Do today's voters want to see greater action to level the playing field, and should we be investing to equalise opportunities? To answer those questions, the Sutton Trust has commissioned More in Common to conduct…

Japan, like many countries, is facing problems with an aging society, and lifelong learning is becoming more and more important. To provide older adults with the opportunity to enroll in lifelong learning programs, it is essential to offer suitable programs. However, designing learning programs for older adults is not easy because they may have…

The emergence of fully online, hybrid and blended forms of higher education has led governments, quality assurance agencies and higher education institutions (HEIs) across the OECD to reflect on how to ensure that digital education provides learners with opportunities to reach learning and employment outcomes similar to those achieved through…

This article utilises recent Australian schooling policies and associated international educational policies as a stimulus to reflect on the extent to which schooling provides genuinely 'educational' opportunities for students. To do so, the article draws upon Gert Biesta's notion of the 'risk' of education to analyse the extent to which recent…

Entrepreneurship at the base of the pyramid has profound implications for economic development in impoverished regions. Building upon Timmons' three-factor theory of entrepreneurship and the resource conservation theory, this study adopts the transition-persistence strategy of entrepreneurs from lower social classes as the focal point, with…

Northern Ireland has a deeply divided education system with demarcation most notable along ethno/religious and social class lines. The former is largely attributable to the historical organisation of the schools estate based on religion, and the latter is associated with a system of academic selection that filters children into grammar and…

This reflection is drawn from a youth participatory action research (YPAR) collaboration set in Kakuma Refugee Camp in Kenya. It explores the ways youth co-researchers employed YPAR tools to both critique and uphold their limited educational opportunity structure. It also questions the limits of transformative methodologies that embolden young…

This study explores adult migrants' formal and informal opportunities for learning their host country's dominant language: specifically, the availability, accessibility, and effects of these opportunities on the migrants' social integration. It prioritizes the migrants' experience by reporting findings obtained from analyses of questionnaire data…

The aim of this article is to present the issue of "social reproduction" and the persistence of identity among young fishermen in Senegal. The authors conducted field surveys among young fishermen at various locations on the Senegalese coast. Field surveys were conducted with 700 young fishermen aged between 15 and 24 years. This…