Given changes in the 21st century workplace and expectations of employers, the notion that a bachelor's degree is the sole pathway to sustainable employment and a middle-class life in the United States has become obsolete. Many (e.g., Fleming, 2016) have argued that employers are now seeking employees with technical skills, digital literacy, and…

In 2004, the State of Florida imposed the Voluntary Prekindergarten Program (VPK). This legislation provides free prekindergarten services to all four-year-old children in the State of Florida (Agency for Workforce Innovation [AWI], 2005a). The legislation outlines the requirements of the VPK schools. This outline addresses specifications for…

California and the rest of the United Sates are undergoing significant challenges in providing educational opportunities for an increasingly diverse population. These challenges include inadequate literacy and numeracy skills among large segments of the student and adult populations; an ongoing shift in the demographic profile of the population,…

A study was conducted in Britain between October 1990 and June 1991 to evaluate the implementation and delivery of National Vocational Qualifications (NVQs) and the implications for the training of trainers. (NVQs are a device for assessing performance; they represent the systemization of the skills and competencies required in a wide variety of…

Some issues in connection with competency-based education (CBE) and the world of work discussed by the author include the relevance of CBE programs to work, the changing attitudes of students and young workers toward work, "credentialism" or the continual upgrading of educational requirements for employment, underemployment and CBE, and others.…

Adults often prefer self-directed learning over teacher-directed, classroom-oriented learning. They feel that their life experiences and self-initiated projects teach them more than they can learn in a formal classroom situation. Persons usually do not pursue such self-directed learning, however, because of conflicting role requirements, a lack of…

To determine what educational background is needed by practitioners, a survey was conducted of audiovisual personnel in Indiana schools with enrollments of 1,000 to 2,000. A questionnaire was mailed to 104 schools and respondents asked to describe their responsibility for audiovisual equipment and software, budgetary duties, and production of…

This document is a report of a study that was conducted to provide a comprehensive, up-to-date compilation of data regarding professional and occupational practice requirements in Pennsylvania, focusing on the role of continuing professional education in the various credentialing processes. Following a discussion of the methodology and results of…

A study of the involvement of continuing higher education in professional and occupational regulation should focus on the growth of practice regulation, roles of higher education, and issues and areas for cooperation in meeting the practitioners' needs. Knowledge obsolescence and the definition of more specific fields have led to a heightened need…

The second volume of the Commission on Education for Health Administration's report contains papers generated to supplement other commission efforts, in areas that seemed to need special attention, and in which special expertise was available. The first three papers are reports on research projects undertaken by commission members in fields of…

Development of the credentialing system for health education specialists began in February 1978, when a conference was convened to consider the profession's interest in credentialing and develop an initial role specification for entry-level health educators. In the early 1980s, the role specification was verified and refined, the process of…

Teacher perspectives on the adult education profession were examined in a national survey designed to improve understanding of the current cadre of "professional" adult educators and assess their experiences, needs, and preferences for professional development. A 31-item questionnaire, called the Professional Development Kit Needs…

By the time today's eighth graders reach age 28-29, approximately 66% will have had some kind of postsecondary education or training. There has been a dramatic upward shift in the education and skill requirements for all occupations. Access to higher education has become the threshold for career success. Elite managerial and professional jobs,…

The question of how to best prepare nurses for practice continues to be debated extensively. The crux of the debate is whether a bachelor of science in nursing (BSN) should be required of all registered nurses in the United States or whether an associate degree in nursing (ADN) and diploma programs adequately prepare novice nurses for practice.…