Presents a history of federal government involvement in public education. Discusses programs for the deaf and blind, land grant colleges, and rural schools; and technology-related programs, including the E-rate program, children's television programs, and the Star School Program. Emphasizes the government role needed to ensure access to the…

This chapter reviews the history of literacy training in Romania through the pretotalitarian period (1890-1945), the totalitarian period (1945-1989), and the posttotalitarian period (1989-present). Current literacy development efforts face many challenges including the facts that 592 classrooms do not have indoor plumbing, that more than 1,700…

Published in 1915, this book addresses issues and problems of rural life and rural schooling during the early 1900s. Chapters cover: (1) a description of rural life and the role of rural schooling; (2) the rural-to-urban migration trend and resulting effects on rural schools; (3) the real and the ideal rural school; (4) industrial progress and…

As late as 1913, half of U.S. schoolchildren were enrolled in the country's 212,000 one-room schools--the heart of American education. Although only about 428 of these schools remain in use as of 1994, the country school continues to be a powerful cultural symbol. The first section of this book examines country schools' educational and cultural…

This book addresses the impact of women on education, an area historians have largely ignored, by bringing together a wide range of essays by feminist historians. An introduction entitled "The Historiography of Women Teachers: A Retrospect" is followed by three sections. The first, "Women Teaching in the Private Sphere,"…

As revealed in personal interviews, periodicals, published and unpublished manuscripts, and school records, the teachers were the key factor in bringing education and culture to the frontier that was western South Dakota. Many teachers were girls of 16 or 17, inexperienced, hired from states to the east (Minnesota and Iowa), sight unseen.…

The goals of a rural and small schools conference held in December, 1980 in Austin, Texas are to link the region's educators who are concerned with rural and small schools at both state and local levels with current research and resources and to identify needs of rural and small schools in the region (Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, New Mexico,…

A YEARBOOK ADVISORY COMMITTEE, APPOINTED BY NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION'S DEPARTMENT OF RURAL EDUCATION AND AMERICAN VOCATIONAL ASSOCIATION MEMBERS, APPROVED THE OUTLINE, ASSISTED IN SELECTING AUTHORS, AND REVIEWED MANUSCRIPTS FOR THIS YEARBOOK ON VOCATIONAL EDUCATION FOR RURAL AREAS. THE DISCUSSION IS IN TERMS OF THE UNIFYING THEME THAT…

Describes Chinese government measures taken to popularize education (1949-1977), including literacy campaigns, new types of popular rural schools, the "Youth to the Countryside" program, and aims and practices of the Cultural Revolution. (MH)

This book highlights episodes in the history of Hispano education in New Mexico, from early territorial days through the New Deal. The 90 years from 1850 to 1940 demonstrate the persistence of the notion that culture can be determined from above, and that schools are a viable tool for determining culture. The myth that Hispanos did not value…

Provides a case study on rural schooling in New South Wales. Focuses on the dimensions of class, race, and gender and their relationship to educational quality and equality. Elaborates on the effects of state educational policy on teachers, pupils, and communities. Maintains that educational policy was guided by a pragmatist philosophy. (RW)

Traditionally, rural schools have been tightly linked to their communities, and the process of schooling has reflected local values, mores, and ways of life. However, during the early 1900s, the beginning of the Progressive era, allegiance to local ways received heavy criticism. An inherent assumption, that bigger is better, was promoted as the…

From 1880 through the mid-1920s, reformers labored to make a "New South" through the agency of public education. During those years, North Carolina led the way in building thousands of new schoolhouses, professionalizing teacher training, and developing an elaborate educational bureaucracy. Southern educational reform turned on the…

This book uses the rural reform movement in Tennessee from 1900 to 1930 as a window through which to view the Progressive campaign to reshape rural life in the South. Tennessee provides an especially valuable perspective on the nature and significance of Progressive reforms in the rural South because of the diversity of its geography and rural…

This book examines Gallia County (Ohio) one-room schools through the oral life histories of 14 retired female teachers. Interviews with the teachers focused on conditions and practices in one-room schoolhouses in the early to mid-20th century in rural southeastern Ohio, and on the common characteristics of one-room school teachers who became rural…