This article traces the development of the wartime Japanese curriculum, which was deliberately designed to implement 'Japanese' approaches to science, and its relation to the previously dominant educational approach, learning by doing. It examines the work of Shiono Naomichi (1898-1969), who served as the curriculum and textbook revision director…

Without adult education, there would have been no Communist government in China. Once the Long March arrived in Yan'an, Mao and Communist leaders used adult education in informal and nonformal settings to build momentum for revolution. This article analyzes the theory and practice of adult education during the Yan'an "golden years"…

The literature on school commercialism, despite a number of successes in battling advertising and marketing in schools, has often seemed to only scratch the surface of corporatization of K-12 education. While condemning corporations who seek to sell brand-name products to kids in schools is a relatively straightforward matter, critiquing corporate…

Since its inception at the turn of the last century, adult education English as a Second Language (ESL) instruction in the United States has been entwined with immigration processes and ideas of the nation. In spite of current uncertainty about the overhauling of federal immigration policy, increasingly anti-immigrant laws in states such as…

Americanization is in the end a task for the individual citizen and not for the Government. The individual can be successful in so human a problem only by having a sympathetic knowledge of this task and of those with whom he must deal. To supply at least the foundations of this knowledge is the purpose of this book. The contents are taken largely…

In the work of Americanization, which is, in the broad sense almost entirely educational, the teacher is of first importance. Not every person who can do good work as a teacher of a grade or of particular subjects in a school for children or youth can do equally good work as a teacher of classes of adult foreign-born persons. The preparation for…

There are many thousands of people who are in a position to exert great influence in the work of Americanization, through their leadership or membership in State legislatures, State bureaus and departments, and State organizations, official and voluntary. The primary purpose of this book is to lay before that body of men and women some concrete…

For the purpose of this report, adult education is assumed to have the following characteristics: (1) It is carried on voluntarily and during the leisure time of a mature individual; and (2) The study is seriously undertaken and is pursued under guidance. During the past biennium there has been much activity in the field of adult education. The…