The Configurational Theory of Innovation Diffusion, Planned Change, and Development, or the CLER model, can be an effective tool for planning change events such as those involved in developing or improving a vocational education program. The C in the CLER model stands for configurations and configurational relationships among and between the…

To assist the Agency for International Development in its decision-making process, a matrix which links sets of conditions in developing nations with appropriate types of educational development was produced. Key issues in the creation and use of typologies are discussed and standards for evaluating typologies are identified. Four typological…

For Kung hunter-gatherers and Fijian fishing people, healing is a central community ritual with significance beyond the cure itself. An enhanced state of consciousness, experienced most intensely by the healer, but also shared by the community, is at the core of Kung and Fijian healing. Although in contemporary Euro-American culture the spiritual…

This paper sets forth the government of Botswana's intended policy and strategies for educational development, based on the recommendations of the Botswana National Commission on Education that were submitted in April 1977. Although implementation of all the commission's recommendations will take many years, this paper is intended to provide…

This report presents the findings and recommendations of Botswana's National Commission on Education, based on the commission's 15-month review of Botswana's education system and its goals and major problems. The commission conducted its study from January 1976 through March 1977 and gathered information through personal visits and consultations…

Ghana's new educational system seeks to correct some of the problems and weaknesses in the existing system of pre-university education. Presently education in Ghana consists of a ten year compulsory first cycle divided into two stages, primary and middle school. In the second cycle, students are channelled into secondary, vocational, and…

Some of the assumptions on which earlier models and approaches in educational planning were predicated have turned out to be over-simplistic, limited, or altogether not appropriate for the complex nature of the development process in many developed and, especially, underdeveloped societies. Recognizing these problems, the International Institute…

Eleven countries (Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, South Korea, Sri Lanka, and Thailand) participated in a 1980 meeting on methods of training educational administrators and supervisors to be supportive of educational innovation. This report summarizes the proceedings of that meeting and the…

The document outlines the present educational situation and the future outlook for education in Africa in light of the recommendations of the fourth Regional Conference of Ministers (Lagos, 1976). Five chapters are centered around the basic theme of the conference, mass education in support of development. Two dimensions of the theme involve the…

IN AN ADDRESS THE AUTHOR STATES THAT THE POPULATION EXPLOSION VERSUS WORLD FOOD PRODUCTION CAPACITY, TOGETHER WITH URBAN BLIGHT, POVERTY, AND FUNCTIONAL ILLITERACY, INCREASING COMPETITION FOR TRAINED MANPOWER, AND RELATED IMBALANCES IN AMERICAN EDUCATION CONSTITUTE MAJOR TRENDS AND ACUTE PROBLEMS IN TODAY'S SOCIETY. THE AUTHOR FEELS UNIVERSITIES…

There is a growing recognition in India of the significant role nonformal adult education can play in achieving national and individual developmental objectives. Traditional formal education with its greatest benefits for a small elitist group will not contribute significantly toward the resolution of major socioeconomic problems. Adult education…

American responses to educational problems faced around the globe can serve as models for developing nations. The following characteristics of American education with particular relevance for education in developing nations have been organized as inputs, structures and strategies, and outputs. Inputs to the system of American education, defined in…

In 1970 an evaluation of a national textbook program implemented by the Ministry of Education of Ecuador was carried out. The pre and post test design involved three treatment types: 1) classrooms with new textbooks, guides and orientation to teachers in the new textbook programs; 2) classrooms with new textbooks and guides but no teacher…

Instructional television played a significant role in El Salvador's efforts to reform grades 7, 8 and 9 of its educational system. The goals of the reform were to increase enrollments, eliminate tuition in public schools, lower failure rates, retrain teachers, improve the curriculum, and train students for service and technical careers. Changes in…

This book is concerned with the progress made by developing nations in building institutions qualified to tackle effectively their problems of poverty, disorder, hunger, sickness, ignorance, disunity, and oppression. It deals in general with the complexity of social and educational problems which arise in the process of change. Throughout much of…