Discusses the origins and development of social studies education from the Populist/Progressive era to the present. Contends that, because of the influence of politics on programs of study in schools, the social studies curriculum has been affected by the rise and fall of ideological and political trends. (CFR)

Reports on a study tour of China and argues that, although China has bright, highly motivated students, the country has serious problems. Discusses the impact of the Cultural Revolution and presents four case studies exemplifying issues in Chinese education. Includes two teaching activities based on the report. (CFR)

Contends that 1960 and 1970 social studies projects reflected institutionalized mainstream academic knowledge in the social sciences. Calls for closing the gap between transformational knowledge and the teaching of social studies in public schools. (CFR)

Describes the development of Scottish educational principles and ideas from the Reformation era to the Education Act of 1872 and beyond. Asserts that, even after the state's role in education superseded that of the church, the concept of shared rights and responsibilities remained a primary educational goal. (CFR)

Discusses the educational experiences of historians during the middle 1800s. Describes changes in historical research methods and historical interpretation that developed a new type of professional historian. Asserts that the school environment for adolescent boys directly was related to changes in historiography and historical writing. (CFR)

Asserts that the achievement and attitude of women and minority groups in science is a critical issue for the 1990s. Proposes a two-pronged curricular strategy to attract diverse students into the sciences. Maintains that Rachel Carson's biography provides a model for underrepresented groups. (CFR)

Reviews the history of providing noneducational services to children in a school setting from the perspective of past and present reform efforts. Argues that urban school reform should be based on a "children-at-risk" model rather than a "nation-at-risk" model and should incorporate lessons from the past. (SLD)

The history of educational psychology is traced from its beginnings after 1800. The major function of the field has been to serve as a conduit between the academic disciplines of psychology and the applied field of education. The discipline has great potential to contribute to educational policy formation. (SLD)

Close investigation of trends in high school student course taking indicates that curriculum differentiation has had a negative effect on the education of many young people, particularly working-class and black students. It is argued that national goals and standards, wisely developed and applied, can benefit American education. (SLD)

Contends that there have been three significant points in the history of access to higher education in Great Britain since 1900. Describes these points: (1) a period of considerable expansion of enrollment; (2) little diminution in relative social class inequality; and (3) a significant diminution in gender equality. (CFR)

National college faculty data from 1972, 1980, and 1989 were analyzed for patterns of employment of minority group members and women. Trends in hiring, employment status, faculty gender, participation by institution type, and academic rank are charted and discussed. Faculty views on cultural diversity are also examined, including changes over…

Experiences of the Des Moines (Iowa) public schools as they work for educational improvement and school restructuring are described. The school system will be considered successful only if what is taught is learned at an acceptable level by all students. Restructuring is traced from its 1989 inception to the present. (SLD)

Explores and contrasts early efforts to set standards in mathematics and social studies, juxtaposing California's revisions of its history and social science curricula and the standard-setting approach of the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. Both programs achieved success in part because of their development strategies. (SLD)

An analysis of the changes in Western European higher education in the last decade focuses on three developments, all with origins in earlier periods: the increased pace of international exchange and cooperation, strengthening of regional cooperation and planning, and a reassessment of the role of government in educational planning and governance.…

This essay traces the history of the school reform movement from colonial times to the present. Public school reform tends either toward equalizing educational opportunity or higher academic achievement, but seldom both. The essay asks the question: Can public school provide equal educational opportunity and be excellent too? By tracing the…