This paper examines the shifting relations between the family and the state in Indian education policy. It charts how family resources, responsibility, and participation have been variously called upon by the state across three historical conjunctures of education reform: the decades of post-independence planning for school expansion and…

This article draws on a 23 month ethnographic study of an emerging--newly established and rapidly growing--Latino community in the New Latino Diaspora of the U.S. in order to examine how educators and parents interpret language education policy (LEP). It analyzes how an English as a Second Language director and one undocumented Mexican mother…

What happens when local school leaders sit down to talk with teachers, parents, and other members of the community about the ends and means of local education? Can people bringing different perspectives and experiences to the issue agree on top goals for their communities? Can they settle on needed changes and decide what signifies genuine…

The core empirical basis of this paper is based upon my recent participatory action research case study, sponsored by my university, conducted in a rural school in one of the most disadvantageous districts of Sindh, Pakistan. The paper argues that the current climate in most of the schools across the country reflects "apathy" and…

Educational planning and change should involve parental interest in policies and practices. On the classroom level both parents and teachers can contribute to the decision making process. (JMF)

Presented are ideas for promoting learning both within and beyond the walls of the schools. The first essay, "The Meaning of Commmunity Education: An Historical Perspective" by Ralph W. Tyler, examines community education in primitive societies, in the colonial period, and in 19th and 20th century America. The challenge of the present is also…

The importance of going to college has increased in the context of global competition and continuing stratification in society. Many strides have been made in encouraging students and parents to believe in the value of higher education, but the process of preparing for and applying to college is not easy. It requires making a variety of complex…

Changing concepts of elementary education led educators in Sheffield, England, to rethink their facility needs. A move to open plan schools was the result. Problems encountered in this move differed according to whether the new facilities were replacements for previously existing structures, remodelled buildings, or brand new schools serving new…

This book offers practical guidelines for planning and implementing mainstreaming at the local school level. Chapter I describes a process for planning which results in the individual school being organizationally and psychologically ready for mainstreaming. Chapter II examines the roles and responsibilities of students, parents, and the community…

Describes a restructured elementary school in Washington state that emphasizes lifelong learning and the use of technology in every aspect of the school. Highlights include the changing roles of teachers, students, administrators, and parents; open classrooms; cooperative and traditional learning; cross-age grouping; cultural barriers; and the…

Changing population patterns, inflated housing costs, and cuts in school financing have forced many school districts to face school closures and school consolidation as a way of maintaining solvency. This report reviews the literature on school consolidation with attention to the fact that the need to consolidate now faces elementary schools as…

A discussion of the future of education for language-minority students in the United States looks at proposed legislation and other government initiatives and prevailing educational reform movements. It is argued that reform in this country must begin with a change in attitudes toward and expectations of language-minority and…

These guidelines were created by UNESCO to assist countries in making National Plans for Education more inclusive, recognizing that there was a lack of guidelines to assist in this important process. This document thus provides guidelines and concepts for rendering National Education Plans / Education for All (EFA) more inclusive, with the…

This report of a 1994 World Conference on Special Needs Education affirms the principle of "Education for All" and the specific concept of inclusion of students with special educational needs in schools throughout the world. The conference was represented by 92 governments and 25 international organizations. The text of the Salamanca…

The Maryland Plan for Family, School, and Community Involvement addresses the importance of families, schools, and communities working together to reach academic success for all students. To continuously improve public education in Maryland so that each learner from birth through the completion of high school acquires the skills and knowledge…