Policy-makers in almost all countries agree on one thing: namely on the importance of education and skills to ensuring future economic prosperity. A fruitful line of research has focused on determining the impact that acquiring education or training has on an individual's labour market productivity and earning prospects: this is known as rate of…

Data assembled from the sequence of Current Population Survey (CPS) tenure supplements for 1973, 1978, 1981, 1983, 1987, and 1991 were analyzed along with demographic characteristics and other variables available from the general CPS to identify changes in job retention rates in the United States throughout the 1980s. The analysis was based on…

This book explains major trends in the U.S. labor market over the last quarter-century. Chapter 1 presents hypotheses regarding the changing labor market. Chapter 2 looks at cognitive skills and formal education as determinants of employment. Chapter 3 develops the argument that the downward occupational mobility arising from changes in the supply…

Reports the methodology and findings of a nationwide survey of the perceptions held by community college presidents concerning the number and educational background of instructional media specialists at their institutions, the projected demand for these personnel, and the importance of instructional media to the community colleges. (JP)

Census data reveal that during the period from 1990 to 1993, the number of hired farmworkers declined; farmworkers were likely to be young, male, and Hispanic, and to have only a limited education; over half of farmworkers had not graduated from high school; and farmworkers' earnings were significantly lower when compared to other workers.…

Examines education's influences on Canada's employment, wages, and industrial production, using 1990 cross-sectional, provincially grouped statistical data. Workers disaggregated by educational attainment are substitutes for one another. Capital and all labor groups disaggregated by education are complements. Earnings differentials between better-…

Data from a survey of 800 employers were used to investigate the effects of employer skill needs on the wage levels and employment of newly hired workers, and especially on how these outcomes differ by race, gender, and educational group. Results showed that very few new jobs were available to workers who lacked credentials such as diplomas or…

This research brief reviews recent and projected trends in the economy and the implications of those trends for the college-educated population in the labor market. Tables provide data on: (1) labor force participation rate by educational attainment and race, for 1978 and 1988; (2) unemployment rate by educational attainment and race, for 1978 and…

Lying within the Cumberland Plateau of Appalachia, the Kentucky River Area Development District (KRADD) comprises eight rural Kentucky counties: Breathitt, Knott, Lee, Leslie, Letcher, Owsley, Perry, and Wolfe. This report reviews regional history of economic development and examines socioeconomic indicators, including education, poverty, and the…

This study tests the hypothesis that the local labor market structure, particularly the proportions of high- and low-paying occupations, affects human capital investment. Most studies have assumed that the direction of causation flows from the supply of human capital to employment growth. However, the creation of low-skilled jobs merely reshuffles…

Until recently, the South's economic growth was based on its ability to attract manufacturing jobs. Recent plant closings and layoffs were considered as cyclical effects of a recession, but recovery has not occurred and rural unemployment remains high. In the 1970s, the South was the only region to experience slower population growth in rural…

A study of the Israeli labor market examined the relationships between earnings, educational level attained, and three kinds of mobility (occupational, geographic, and inter-firm) among high school and college graduates. (MSE)

In this paper we study the long-term labor market implications of school resource equalization before Brown and school desegregation after Brown. For cohorts born in the South in the 1920s and 1930s, we find that racial disparities in measurable school characteristics had a substantial influence on black males' earnings and educational attainment…

This document examines differences in socioeconomic status by racial and ethnic groups in California, exploring changing patterns over time. It analyzes trends and outcomes in demography, geographic distribution, health, education, crime, labor markets, economic status, and political participation. Data on educational outcomes include: education…

This paper examines the transition of young adults from school to work over time and the role of education in facilitating the entry of individuals into high quality jobs in the primary labor market. A dual labor market perspective argues that the labor market is structured into primary and secondary sectors ("good" and "bad"…