Purpose: Description of study participants and documentation of the desired diversity in the Prevention Research Centers Healthy Aging Research Network's Workgroup on Promoting Cognitive Health large multisite study designed to examine attitudes about brain health, behaviors associated with its maintenance, and information-receiving preferences…

Background: While higher smoking prevalences have been better described for adults and adolescents in the mountainous areas than in the plain area in Taiwan, no studies have previously examined whether this disparity begins with children in elementary schools. The purpose of this study was thus designed to explore clustering in smoking behavior…

The primary purpose of our study was to explore the effects of rurality on school adjustment and other school-related variables. Using data from 167,738 7th-12th graders located in a national sample of 185 predominantly white communities, multilevel models were estimated for perceived school performance and school liking using a variety of…

The prevalence and implications of childlessness in old age are compared across nine major surveys in seven countries: Australia, Finland, Germany, Japan, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Specifically, the researchers examine indicators of the well-being and resources of childless men and women, compare them to their…

The historical context of teen pregnancy in the US and its evolution to the present embodiment of the predominantly urban "welfare mother" developed from specific socio-historical contexts that deemed early childbirth, especially illegitimate pregnancies, as morally and socially deviant. Two conceptual elements missing within the literature on…

This report on induced terminations of pregnancy is based on information reported to the National Center for Health Statistics by 13 states (Colorado, Indiana, Kansas, Missouri, Montana, New York, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Utah, Vermont, and Virginia) in 1985 and 1986. Findings are reported which show that: (1) there were…

Current Population Survey data indicate that nonmetropolitan personal income increased in real terms during 1990-96, whereas metropolitan income did not. Among long-term influences, steadily rising educational attainment has fostered convergence between nonmetro and metro income. Table and figure detail nonmetro and metro incomes, 1990-96, for…

Development occurs according to the rhythm that is established by the genetic potential and the influence of environmental factors. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the child's residence area and maternal education on child's motor development. Eight hundred children (384 boys and 416 girls, aged 37-72 months), randomly…

The purpose of this study was to assess Greek primary (1st to 6th grade) school children's dietary habits and the factors influencing them. Our results show that children know the value of different foods. The socio-economic status of father has no effect on the attitude of children towards choosing their diet, however, mothers' educational status…

Workers who use computers on the job receive higher wages, reflecting both computer-specific and broader skills. This accounts for a small portion of the metro-nonmetro wage gap. The payoff for using a computer on the job is higher for college graduates and more-experienced workers than their counterparts and is higher for rural than urban…

Compared homelessness among persons in a metropolitan setting based on whether or not the person had migrated from a rural area. Found that those from rural areas had a lower level of educational achievement, experienced a higher degree of isolation from families, and frequently had come to the urban area seeking jobs. (KS)

Analysis of data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth on 1,434 men and women, aged 18-23, found that moving from a rural to an urban area reduced time spent in poverty for white and African-American women; effects were not statistically significant for men. (KS)

Used data from two longitudinal surveys of Canadian youth (in British Columbia and Nova Scotia) to examine the effects of rural versus urban/rural and metropolitan residence on young people's educational expectations and attainments. Findings showed that students in rural areas have lower expectations and attainments compared to other students,…

The rising health and social services needs of the elderly can be met in part by using the potential productivity of older people. This study examined the extent to which older people serve as a resource and the potentiality for further expanding their productive contributions. The Minnesota Senior Study involved a telephone survey with a…

The percentage of rural workers using computers on the job doubled to 36% during 1984-93, but remained below the urban rate (48.7%). Most of the rural-urban difference in on-the-job computer use reflects the higher educational level of the urban workforce and its larger share of professional, managerial, and white-collar workers. (Author/SV)