"On Indian Ground: California" is the first in a series of ten books on American Indian/Alaska Native/Native Hawaiian education. The focus of this text is the 110 tribes in California and the best practices available to educators of native students in K-16. This volume explores the history of California Indian education as well as…

Energy in the form of electricity is a hot topic among tribes within the Western Regional Air Partnership (WRAP). For too many people, energy is too expensive, not reliable, or even nonexistent. For many tribal members, up to 20 or 30 percent of income is spent on energy, which is unbelievably high compared to nontribal people in the same area.…

Indian poverty is a result of the enforced social stagnation. Economic development in Indian country is intertwined with an Indian movement toward tribal sovereignty and political power. Economic success is not impeded by traditionalism in tribal culture and government, but it does require fair play by tribes and their leaders, an independent…

Part one of a two-part article discusses the continuing problems of Indian tribes in negotiating equitable mining leases yielding reasonable economic returns without excessive social and environmental disruption. The article reviews several successful tribal actions and suggests courses of action for Indian planners and leaders. (Author/SB)

A review of the literature was conducted to understand whether or not and how enterprise zones and other economic development strategies apply to Indian country. The review: (1) summarizes the effects of past and present federal policies on Indians and their economic development efforts; (2) examines the literature on enterprise zones, as…

One of a series of scholarly books published each year in the field of American Indian economic development, this volume contains two articles regarding the development of American Indian energy resources. In the first article, Richard Nafziger traces the exploitation of American Indian tribes by energy corporations whose main goal is overall…

Summarizes the history since 1936 of the Northern Utes, a tribe rich in energy resources. Describes political and economic development and demonstrated the tribe's dependence on federal funding. Discusses tribal sovereignty with regard to enrollment issues, rights of mixed-bloods, and disputes with local Whites. (SV)

Argues that economic development on American Indian reservations can strengthen a tribe's ability to maintain its culture if all development plans are formulated with consideration for their total societal impact. Discusses holistic approaches to development and business management, spiritual concerns, implications for higher education, and…

Legal gaming operations are permitting various Indian nations to build strong economies and well-managed tribal governments that fund education and social services as first priorities. Experiences of the Wisconsin Oneida and Mashantucket Pequot (Connecticut) demonstrate that when access to resources and markets is not prevented, Indians have a…

This report summarizes legislative activities in states that enacted bills and resolutions relating to Native Americans in 1991. Conflicts between states and the Indian tribes within their borders were the subject of significant legislation in 1991. In all, 220 bills and resolutions were introduced in state legislatures; 77 passed and 20 are still…

The second of a two-part series explains the coherent mineral policies that are needed if tribes are to achieve fiscal goals and maintain control of their resources. The article describes how the policies can be implemented via written codes, mineral development corporations, and mining agreements. (SB)

Some American Indians view the opening of American Indian reservations to tourists as contributing to the desecration of sacred Indian lands, whereas others see it as a way for Indians to control their own economy and provide non-Indians a better appreciation of Indian cultures. (LP)

Comparative analysis of economic development on 15 American Indian reservations plus supplementary data on 100 reservations suggest that successful development depends on tribal sovereignty coupled with aggressive assertions of Indian control, effective social institution-building, and appropriate development choices tested against tribal cultural…

The political status of First Nations peoples as sovereign nations under federal control creates unique opportunities for developing social and educational programs with revenues from Indigenous gaming ventures. In response to unmet human and social needs, strength-based approaches that empower Native people are especially critical in overcoming…

The statement by President Ronald Reagan on Indian policy, issued on January 24, 1983, indicates that the administration believes that responsibilities and resources should be restored to the governments which are closest to the people served, including federally recognized American Indian tribes. The attachment summarizes policy via 10 Reagan…