This article examines moral dilemmas related to the religion of Islam as identified by Iranian female students. Data was gathered from Iranian lower secondary school students (female n = 175, male n = 165) who wrote about unfair situations they had experienced at school. Students' moral dilemmas were analyzed with deductive content analysis. Moral…

Iranian women have endured more than 30 years of an Islamist dictatorship that uses religion as a validation for unjust control. Human rights violations against women in Iran are a tragic phenomenon for an otherwise highly developed civilization. Invisible and powerless in a male-dominated society, Iranian women are discouraged from becoming…

This study reports on data from a larger-scale research project in one city in the West Midlands, England. The study was commissioned by the local education authority because of the rising incidence of parental withdrawal of Muslim girls from physical education. The aim was to provide evidence-based guidance to schools on improving the inclusion…

Previous research suggests that Muslim women can experience particular problems when taking physical education (PE) lessons, for example with dress codes, mixed-teaching and exercise during Ramadan; and they can face restrictions in extra-curricular activities for cultural and religious reasons. The area is under-researched and there is little…

This article considers the position of religion in schools in England and Wales in light of the recent decision in "The Queen on the application of SB v Headteacher and Governors of Denbigh High School". This held that the refusal to allow a pupil to wear the jilbab was a breach of her rights under the European Convention for the…

Critiques a research study on ethnic and gender differences in a British secondary school physical education program. Discusses problems of small-scale research on race and gender. Concludes that Muslim values appear sexist and oppressive and that school-community cooperation can improve educational opportunities for all children. (CFR)

Reports on a study of Muslim children in physical education classes in a British secondary school. Finds areas of cultural conflict, such as physical education uniforms and regulations about showering after class. Calls for better preservice and inservice teacher education in a wider educational and societal context. (CFR)