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Improved Inference for Fixed-Effects Meta-Analysis of 2 × 2 Tables
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Qijun Li, Kendrick; Rice, Kenneth – Research Synthesis Methods, 2020
Meta-analysis of 2 × 2 tables is common and useful in research topics including analysis of adverse events and survey research data. Fixed-effects inference typically centers on measures of association such as the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel statistic or Woolf's estimator, but relies on assuming exact homogeneity across studies, which is often…
Descriptors: Inferences, Meta Analysis, Intervals, Prevention
Random-Effects Meta-Analysis of Combined Outcomes Based on Reconstructions of Individual Patient Data
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Song, Yue; Sun, Feng; Redline, Susan; Wang, Rui – Research Synthesis Methods, 2020
Meta-analyses of clinical trials typically focus on one outcome at a time. However, treatment decision-making depends on an overall assessment of outcomes balancing benefit in various domains and potential risks. This calls for meta-analysis methods for combined outcomes that encompass information from different domains. When individual patient…
Descriptors: Meta Analysis, Patients, Data, Outcomes of Treatment
Network Meta-Analysis Including Treatment by Covariate Interactions: Consistency Can Vary across Covariate Values
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Donegan, Sarah; Welton, Nicky J.; Tudur Smith, Catrin; D'Alessandro, Umberto; Dias, Sofia – Research Synthesis Methods, 2017
Background: Many reviews aim to compare numerous treatments and report results stratified by subgroups (eg, by disease severity). In such cases, a network meta-analysis model including treatment by covariate interactions can estimate the relative effects of all treatment pairings for each subgroup of patients. Two key assumptions underlie such…
Descriptors: Network Analysis, Meta Analysis, Outcomes of Treatment, Comparative Analysis
The Impact of Individual Patient Data in a Network Meta-Analysis: An Investigation into Parameter Estimation and Model Selection
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Leahy, Joy; O'Leary, Aisling; Afdhal, Nezam; Gray, Emma; Milligan, Scott; Wehmeyer, Malte H.; Walsh, Cathal – Research Synthesis Methods, 2018
The use of individual patient data (IPD) in network meta-analysis (NMA) is becoming increasingly popular. However, as most studies do not report IPD, most NMAs are performed using aggregate data for at least some, if not all, of the studies. We investigate the benefits of including varying proportions of IPD studies in an NMA. Several models have…
Descriptors: Patients, Medical Research, Meta Analysis, Network Analysis
Stroke Investigative Research and Education Network: Community Engagement and Outreach within Phenomics Core
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Jenkins, Carolyn; Arulogun, Oyedunni Sola; Singh, Arti; Mande, Aliyu T.; Ajayi, Eric; Benedict, Calys Tagoe; Ovbiagele, Bruce; Lackland, Daniel T.; Sarfo, Fred Stephen; Akinyemi, Rufus; Akpalu, Albert; Obiako, Reginald; Melikam, Enzinne Sylvia; Laryea, Ruth; Shidali, Vincent; Sagoe, Kwamena; Ibinaiye, Philip; Fakunle, Adekunie Gregory; Owolabi, Lukman F.; Owolabi, Mayowa O. – Health Education & Behavior, 2016
Stroke is the leading cause of neurological hospital admissions in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and the second leading cause of death globally. The Stroke Investigative Research and Education Network [SIREN] seeks to comprehensively characterize the genomic, sociocultural, economic, and behavioral risk factors for stroke and to build effective teams…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Neurological Impairments, Medical Research, Health Education
Using a Simulation to Illustrate Crosscutting Concepts through a Disease Model
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Bokor, Julie; Darwiche, Houda; Joseph, Drew – American Biology Teacher, 2015
Using Pompe disease as a context affords the opportunity for students to consider multiple biological concepts and embraces the Next Generation Science Standards Disciplinary Core Ideas Structure and Function (LS1.A) and Inheritance of Traits (LS3.A) as well as Crosscutting Concepts Structure and Function and Cause and Effect. These crosscutting…
Descriptors: Simulation, Diseases, Teaching Methods, Science Instruction
Families Seek a Greater Role in Search for Rare Disease Treatments
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Abbott, Natalie – Exceptional Parent, 2011
Of the nearly 7,000 rare diseases identified by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), only a few hundred currently have treatments. The development of therapies for rare diseases is often hampered by the special challenges of conducting the needed studies for rare disease drugs and medical devices, such as small numbers of patients and the fact…
Descriptors: Diseases, Patients, Nonprofit Organizations, National Organizations
Three Models of Disease and Their Influence on Doctor-Patient Communication.
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Crismore, Avon – 1982
Medical scientists, doctors, and patients have different models of disease that cause doctor/patient communication problems. The patient model is reflected in the average American who is a high school graduate but who has little understanding of the human body and science. The model of the medical scientist is reflected in the typical graduate of…
Descriptors: Communication Problems, Communication (Thought Transfer), Diseases, Medical Research