There are 4,500 "Cajuns" occupying a rural area in southern Alabama which was once practically isolated from the surrounding society. Local residents regard these "Cajuns" as neither White nor Black. It is generally recognized that they are a recent mixture of several distinct peoples. There is no evidence that these people have a coherent set of customs, legends, traditions, festivals, special holidays, or other identifying symbols to unite them. The people do not have a unique religion of their own nor do all belong to the same religious denomination. The community represents a unique ethnic island in that the customary factors which unite a people are not present. However, they do have a sense of group consciousness which is derived from factors other than those traditionall regarded as important. Probably the strongest single factor providing a sense of in-group consciousness, identification, and cohesiveness is the extensive kinship linkages which exist among this relatively large population. This paper discusses the historical events that led to the formation and subsequent development of the "Cajuns" in Alabama. Topics covered are their kinship linkages, their school situation, and their use of the term "Cajun". (NQ)