In spite of almost 30 years of busing to achieve racial balance, there continues to be a significant gap between White and African American children in terms of school achievement, and African American students still score below national averages on achievement tests. As the city of Pittsburgh (Pennsylvania) considers whether to reduce or maintain…

In 1976, U.S. District Court Judge John T. Curtin issued a court order stating that the Buffalo Board of Education, the superintendent of schools, the commissioner of education, and the New York State Board of Regents were guilty of de jure segregation. This decision led to a complete restructuring of the instructional program and a racial and…

The Federal government publication is designed to help child care institutions to desegregate their services. Part of the document discusses the impetus for change, methods of desegregation, and the needed initiatives. Described are such steps as establishment of board policy, the roles of administrators and staff, as well as coordination with…

The initial black community response to the desegregation plan submitted by the School Department is contained in this document. The principal purpose is to make clear to the court that in evaluating this plan, or any other, improvements in the quality of schooling is sought. Efforts to rid the Boston schools of discriminatory pupil placement are…

The Hillsborough County School District is recognized as the nation's most successfully desegregated metropolitan school district in the United States. Basic statistics show that the pupil population has grown to 115,000; pupil and faculty composition is approximately 80% white and 20% black; 56,000 pupils are transported daily, 25,000 for…

Public elementary and secondary schools in Illinois that have remained stably racially mixed over time are identified in this study. The neighborhood characteristics, pupil assignment policies, instructional programs, and other circumstances that have contributed to that stability are also determined. Several alternative definitions of…

In this Supreme Court litigation, respondents brought a class action alleging that the Detroit public school system is racially segregated as a result of the official policies and actions of petitioner state and city officials and seeking implementation of a plan to eliminate the segregation and establish a unitary nonracial school system. The…

The Education Mobility Assistance Program (EMAP) was created in Ohio in 1979 to provide funds to school districts that volunteered to racially desegregate their schools by transferring students. This report evaluates the impact of EMAP funds in reducing the number of racially isolated schools and in providing equal educational opportunities for…

Desegregation in elementary schools in Springfield, Massachusetts, must be rated a success. Implementation of the desegregation program, which became a reality in 1974, was successful because of the following factors: strong leadership from the superintendent; support of the mayor and the school committee (in spite of their opposition to mandatory…

Efforts of Loyola University in New Orleans to recruit and retain minority students since the early 1970's are reported. A task force was assigned to study the university's role in providing opportunities to blacks, in terms of course offerings, student recruiting strategies, faculty recruiting policies, and other issues. A grant of $1.8 million…

Described is a statewide plan for the elimination of a dual system of higher education in Arkansas. The plan was developed in response to a January 1969 notification of the governor by the U.S. Office for Civil Rights that the state's higher education system was in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Six sections form the…

Five papers intended to serve as an introduction to a complex and rapidly growing body of research are included in this volume. These papers represent the work of scholars who have studied the problem of white flight long before the current controversy over urban desegregation plans made it a national issue. Starting from very different…

This manual contains information to help predominantly white suburban school systems achieve racial integration and provide equal education and equal employment opportunities. The manual advocates a comprehensive approach that would direct affirmative action at students, curricular and extracurricular programs, all phases of employment, and public…

Findings of fact and conclusions of law that constitute many but by no means all of the factual and legal under pinnings of the court's student desegregation plan and related remedial orders are described. Numerous findings descriptive of the Boston public school system, its facilities, student body, curriculum, administration and the like, are…

The complex interactions which led to the implementation of the court-ordered desegregation plans for two cities in Massachusetts involve not only the courts but many levels of government. The school departments, the school committees, the mayors, the State Board of Education, the legislature, the governor, and the citizens of Massachusetts, all…