Historical overview considers the role of transportation in education before 1954, when school busing was used to improve education by consolidating rural schools and centralize effort in urban schools, and after the 1954 Supreme Court decision that racially segregated schools were inherently unequal. Different attitudes toward forced busing are…

Looks at such current remedies as compensatory/remedial instructional programs, pairing and clustering of schools, and magnet schools. Discusses the relationship between the nature of the violation and the kind of remedy required. (IRT)

An examination was made of the U.S. Department of Education grants awarded to the Cleveland School District for desegregation activities, including how Department of Education funds were used by the school district and how the department administered and monitored Magnet School grants awarded to the school district for fiscal years 1986 and 1987.…

Views concerning the influence of the 1954 Supreme Court decision in "Brown versus the Board of Education" which ended school segregation are discussed. Historian Raymond Wolters believes that while segregation was wrong and the Supreme Court's unanimous decision reversing the "separate but equal" interpretation was right, the…

This report is based on a study that explored possibilities for an urban desegregation strategy that would relate school desegregation policy to housing policy. The study sought to identify models for coordinating operations of personnel involved in housing and those involved in school desegregation by investigating 12 American cities that had…

Argues that the data show that black parents will opt for integration if given the chance, and white parents can be drawn to integrated schools with attractive curricula: Open Enrollment can reasonably be expected to produce significant integration without the political and moral costs of coercion. (Author/JM)

A DISCUSSION OF EARLIER EFFORTS TO STUDY THE PROBLEMS OF SCHOOL INTEGRATION IS INCLUDED AS BACKGROUND TO THIS EFFORT. THE IMPORTANCE OF INTEGRATED EDUCATION IS EXAMINED AND ITS IMPORTANCE FOR ACCULTURATION AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT IS HIGHLIGHTED. CONFLICTS HAVE BEEN ANALYZED AND CONCLUSIONS ARE THAT SEGREGATION IS DAMAGING TO ALL CHILDREN, AND…

THE NEW YORK CITY BOARD OF EDUCATION HAS INSTITUTED A NUMBER OF PROGRAMS TO ACHIEVE ETHNIC BALANCE IN THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS. HOWEVER, THE PROBLEMS OF RACIAL INTEGRATION, WHICH RESULT FROM HOUSING, MOVEMENT OF WHITE POPULATION, GROWTH OF NONPUBLIC EDUCATION, AND THE DIFFERENTIAL RATE OF ETHNIC CHANGE IN THE VARIOUS BOROUGHS, REFLECT A CONDITION OF THE…

In this paper, the author analyzes what has happened since 1954 in the area of school integration and suggests what he feels are appropriate policies for the future. He identifies two major changes that have affected school integration since 1954--a change in residential patterns that has increased segregation in recent years, and a change in the…

Describing the major developments since January 1974 within the larger 1969-1974 context, this document focuses particular attention to changes in enrollment and faculty composition between the Fall of 1973 and of 1974. Between 1973 and 1974, enrollment of black students increased from 10.7 percent to 11.9 percent of total enrollment in…

This manual has been prepared for the use of program directors who will assume the overall responsibility for planning and conducting the Valleybrook Elementary School-Lakemont High School Simulation Game. The game is created to give professional school personnel and prospective teachers opportunities to come to grips with typical problems of…

This study originated in 1968, when desegregation was being carried out mainly on a one-way basis, by busing minority pupils to predominantly white schools. Two of the districts studied, Charlottesville, Virginia, and Providence, Rhode Island, were then groping their way toward racial balance, primarily because of local pressures, and both had…

Concurrent implementation of race desegregation and bilingual education can be at odds with one another, but ways to circumvent the contradiction are outlined. Desegregation processes can and must ensure that both the educational equity rights and educational needs of language minority children are considered. (LHW)

To address integration and community we must understand the experiences of those to be integrated. This article advocates the use of neighborhoods as places to: (1) identify and solve common problems and (2) promote neighborhood identity around institutions and natural resources. It also outlines three ways the law can promote integrated…

This article outlines strategies of maintaining integration emphasizing: (1) housing offices and counseling; (2) community action to alter real estate policies; (3) school action including public relations and human relations thinking; (4) community organization of commercial and religious institutions; (5) financial incentives for pro-integrative…