Reviews the educational and legal history of Black education; criticizes the emphasis on achievement scores as a predominant variable in the measurement of such programs; and states that conclusions about Black enrollment, retention, and successful matriculation are generally positive. (Author/MLF)

Information regarding the 1964 Civil Rights Act, its value and importance in the elimination of state-imposed school segregation is described. The 1964 granted the US Attorney General the power and authority to bring suits on behalf of the African American plaintiffs in thousands of school districts operating racially segregated public elementary…

May 17, 2004 marked the 50th anniversary of the most significant school segregation case: "Brown v. Board of Education" (1954). While the Brown decision eliminated the legal theory of "separate but equal," the success of the "Mendez et al. v. Westminster School District et al". (1946) case helped boost public sentiment against segregation, setting…

Extensive excerpt from the U.S. District Court ruling on parents' charges that a junior high school in Brooklyn, New York was segregated. In addition to the school board being ordered to prepare a desegregation plan, housing and other municipal authorities were ordered to take steps which would have a favorable impact on school board efforts to…

This booklet contains two papers: (1) "Federal Agencies and Urban Segregation: Steps Toward Coordinated Action," by Gary Orfield; and (2) "Mounting a Concerted Federal Attack on Urban Segregation," by William L. Taylor. In the first paper, racial, economic, and educational trends in urban areas are reviewed. Lack of Federal commitment,…

IN A REPORT PUBLISHED IN 1962, IT WAS CONCLUDED THAT TOTAL SCHOOL DESEGREGATION IN NORTH CAROLINA WAS NOT LIKELY IN THE FORSEEABLE FUTURE UNLESS FORCED BY COURT DECREES. THE BASIS FOR THE PREDICTION WAS THE HISTORY OF APPLICATION OF TWO ACTS--THE PUPIL ASSIGNMENT ACT, WHICH TRANSFERRED AUTHORITY OF PUPIL ASSIGNMENT TO LOCAL SCHOOL BOARDS, AND THE…

Examines the judicial posture assumed by the Supreme Court in Keyes v. School District Number 1 in defining the distinction between de jure and de facto segregation, the impact of the Washington v. Davis decision on the intent requirement, and the impact of these decisions on litigants. (Author/IRT)

The complete text of the ruling of U.S. District Judge, John H. Pratt, in Adams v. Richardson, a suit for relief against the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare and the Director of the Office for Civil Rights, delivered on November 16, 1972. (JM)

This report summarizes the results of a survey on the status of school desegregation in 47 major school districts in the United States. A profile of each district is provided together with a report on the desegregation status of that district. Supreme Court decisions with regard to school desegregation from 1954 to the present, the history of…

A case study of one private school which functions as a segregation academy'' was done in order to learn more about what segregation academies are, how they operate, and how they relate to the community. (Author/JM)

The "Brown v. Board of Education" decision remains one of the most important legal decisions in history. Although there were local schemes used to avoid desegregating public schools after the decision, black students experienced declining segregation from the 1950s to the late 1980s. During the 1990s, however, a series of Supreme Court decisions…

This paper describes a school desegregation case, begun in 1978, in which housing segregation was a principal issue. The history of both residential and school segregation in Akron, Ohio, are outlined. It is held that public housing and credit policy greatly contributed to the maintenance of segregated neighborhoods in all United States…

Since sex differences tend to disappear under identical systems of training with individual differences being more powerful than sex differences, whatever differences between the sexes in achievement and aptitude there may be do not warrant separating the sexes for instructional purposes. (JM)

Fifty years after the "Brown v. Board of Education" decision outlawed de jure segregation in American schools, many school districts remain segregated. Despite numerous efforts aimed at desegregation, residential segregation--the primary barrier to significant school desegregation--remains entrenched throughout the United States. The Miami-Dade…

The Supreme Court's opinion in the 1954 Brown v. Board of Education case legally ended decades of racial segregation in America's public schools. Originally named after Oliver Brown, the first of many plaintiffs listed in the lower court case of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, KS, the landmark decision actually resolved five separate…