The main focus of this study was to investigate links between the diathesis-stress hypotheses of the quadripartite model and the helplessness-hopelessness theory of depression. Simultaneously the study tested the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Learned Helplessness Scale (LHS). To this end, the LHS was initially administered…

Helplessness, a belief that the world is not subject to behavioral control, has long been central to our understanding of depression, and has influenced cognitive theories, animal models and behavioral treatments. However, despite its importance, there is no fully accepted definition of helplessness or behavioral control in psychology or…

Investigations of the reformulated learned helplessness model of depression have produced conflicting results. To contrast the attributional responses of clinically depressed men and women, data were collected from 117 psychotherapy clinic outpatients. An expanded version of the Attribution Style Questionnaire was administered. Forty people…

The reformulated learned helplessness model of depression (Abramson, Seligman, Teasdale 1978) was examined. Argues that unless it is possible to specify the conditions under which a given attribution will be made, the model becomes circular and lacks predictive power. Discusses Abramson et al.'s suggestions for therapy and prevention. (Editor/RK)

Compared models of depressive symptoms in a 6-month prospective study of 95 nonreferred 11- to 13-year olds. Results showed that adolescents who perceived their parents, siblings, and friends as supportive, suffered fewer depressive symptoms. Life stress failed to correlate with concurrent depressive symptoms. Attributional style was primarily a…

Notes that many practitioners underestimate the occurrence of childhood depression and explains what childhood depression is, what symptoms most often indicate it, why it occurs, and what teachers can do to help depressed children. (JC)

Restated in such a way as to isolate and remove the confounding influence of overall attributional style, the learned helplessness model of depression works for affective, somatic, and psychological symptoms of 160 Filipino college students. Applied to 227 American students, the restated model predicts affective and psychological, but not somatic,…

Based on extensive research with children and young adults, this book examines adaptive and maladaptive cognitive-motivational patterns and shows how these patterns originate in people's self theories; their consequences for one's achievement, social relationships, and emotional well-being; their consequences for society; and the experiences that…

A model of women's readiness to terminate an abusive relationship was examined, using cognitive and emotional factors to predict readiness to change as conceptualized in the transtheoretical model. Factors previously identified in the domestic violence literature were selected to represent cognitive predictors (attribution and attachment style)…