To understand and delineate pathways for effective information transfer among professional audiences in manure nutrient management, we deployed a survey, taken by 964 professionals, addressing workforce demographics, tasks performed, and information source relevance. Findings indicate that education of industry and the public is a widespread…

Calvin Lunsford Beale was born in Washington, DC, on June 6, 1923, and passed away at age 85 on September 2, 2008. He was a city boy born and bred, and while he "never wanted to live in a rural area" he became one of the most astute observers of rural America in the latter half of the twentieth century. Calvin spent the majority of his…

Agricultural labor employment is reported by crop, by type of worker, by activity, by peak period of employment in each State, by State of origin, and by wage per unit in each crop activity. (MS)

Survey of 2510 Hispanic migrant workers gathered demographic data, assessed needs, and questioned respondents as to knowledge of, participation in, and complaints about CETA (Comprehensive Employment and Training Act) programs. Journal availability: see RC 503 518. (DS)

In 1991, 53 percent of hired farmworkers lived in nonmetropolitan areas. Among nonmetro workers, hired farmworkers were more likely to be young, male, Hispanic and to work seasonally. Their weekly income was 67 percent that of all nonmetro workers. About half of nonmetro hired farmworkers had not completed high school. Farm employment was sporadic…

Analyses of data from the 1996 Current Population Survey earnings microdata file examined demographic, earnings, and geographic characteristics of U.S. hired farmworkers. Approximately 906,000 persons aged 15 and older were employed as hired farmworkers each week in 1996, and an additional 72,000 persons were hired as farmworkers as a second job.…

Contract foreign workers admitted for temporary employment in U.S. agriculture are tabulated. In 1972 90 percent were British West Indians and the remainder were Canadians. (MS)

A study conducted for the Vocational-Technical Division of the Delaware Department of Public Instruction traced the flow of the migrant population from place of origin through their work period in Delaware and back to their place of origin, described the educational needs of migrant workers' younger children in juxtaposition to what state…

The attitudes and opinions of rural Michigan residents were surveyed on selected issues and policies in 1970. The sample included 343 respondents drawn from 34 randomly selected sampling points. Each point was a rural township from which about 10 interviews were made. Responses of the 88 farm and 255 nonfarm residents were compared in the study.…

The stereotype of rural Hispanic Americans often connotes social problems such as poverty, illegal immigration, and migrant workers. In reality, rural Hispanics are part of a larger demographic trend changing the balance of power and socioeconomic relations among ethnic groups. Part 1 of this paper reviews demographic information.…

Major components of a study conducted in 1977 and 1978 were: (1) an examination of existing literature on migrant transportation; (2) collection of pertinent empirical data from federal, state, and migrant work camp records; and (3) vehicle counts and observation at 32 selected locations in 11 destination states in the western, midwestern, and…

In 1995, an average 832,000 persons aged 15 and over did hired farmwork each week, receiving median weekly earnings of $260 (compared to $440 for all U.S. workers). The large number of foreign (mostly Mexican) farmworkers contributed to low educational levels. California accounted for 25% of U.S. farm labor expenses, followed by Florida and Texas.…

The report examines characteristics of crew workers (farmworkers who work for contractors) and noncrew workers in 1981 and reviews Federal legislation designed to protect crew workers and to control farm labor contractors. During 1981 approximately 250,000 crew workers comprised 10% of hired farmworkers. Crew workers were 53% White, 28% Hispanic,…

Two surveys developed profiles of seasonal agricultural workers and their working conditions in central California. In 1989, a random sample of 347 seasonal workers was interviewed. The sample was 30 percent female and 87 percent Mexican-born. Average age was 35 years and average educational attainment was 5.9 years. Most had parents, spouses, or…

Farm labor contractors (FLCs) have become increasingly important in California agriculture. This report examines FLC background characteristics, business practices, and relationships with employers and farm workers, many of whom are seasonal and migrant workers. Over 300 FLCs, farm workers, and growers were interviewed in five California regions.…