Strong economic growth through much of the period since 2000 and demographic pressures such as workforce aging, have contributed to a robust demand for skilled tradespeople. Despite a decline following the economic recession in 2008 and 2009, new registrations in apprenticeship programs have increased nearly 200% since the 1990s. Apprenticeship…

Gender inequalities persist in all areas of social and economic life and across countries. Young women in OECD countries generally obtain more years of schooling than young men, but women are less likely than men to engage in paid work. Gaps widen with age, as motherhood typically has marked negative effects on gender pay gaps and career…

In December 2012, the "U.S. Department of Education Chapter of Blacks In Government (BIG) Report: The Status of the African American Workforce at the U.S. Department of Education" (ED538186) described racial and demographic data by grade levels for Pay Period 11 in 2012 compared to similar data towards the end of the Bush administration.…

A survey report on librarians employed in traditional library jobs. (PF)

The transitions of women into and out of part-time work were studied by examining the same women over time, using data from the Young Women's cohort of the National Longitudinal Surveys. Two groups of women were studied: those who were aged 29-33 in 1978 and those who were 29-33 in 1983. The labor force transitions of the two groups were compared…

This report provides a portrait of women in the United States and highlights comparisons with men at the national level. It is part of the Census 2000 Special Reports series that presents several demographic, social, and economic characteristics collected from Census 2000. The data contained in this report are based on the samples of households…

The purpose of this study is to explain the changing and increasing participation of females in the American labor force during this century, especially since 1940. Although the pre-1940 changes are smaller and may be attributable to improvements in census enumeration techniques, there has been a significant increase since 1940 in participation…

This research project attempted to ascertain women's work values, and how these values might be related to specific demographic variables. A Work Value Scale was utilized. The six values examined were: dominance-recognition, economic, independence, interesting activity, mastery-achievement, and social. There were seven demographic variables:…

Today, the Census Bureau compiles extensive information every year about the people and the economy of the United States. That is how the authors know that in 2006 the United States is going to reach an extraordinary milestone--300 million people. In this article, the authors discuss the "now and then" of the U.S. society. The authors…

The 1970s were marked by an increase in the level of education attainment of the average worker. By 1979 thirty-six per cent of all workers over 18 completed at least one year of college, and the percentage of workers not completing high school declined considerably. While the proportion of men participating in the labor force continued to fall,…

Undocumented Mexican women workers in Los Angeles were interviewed about their work experience in the United States. Most of them work in factories, not in domestic service. Most earn a salary above minimum wage but below that earned by documented women, and 80 percent believe their treatment at work equals that of other workers. (KH)

The work patterns of women with some work experience over the 1976 to 1989 period were examined as they approach retirement, using data from the Mature Women's cohort of the National Longitudinal Surveys. The data provided information on a sample of women who were between the ages of 30 and 45 in 1967 and who have been interviewed regularly since…

As the supply of White, male new workers decreases, companies must recruit employees from the ranks of females, minorities, retired workers, and perhaps immigrants. Each of these groups has certain needs that employers or government must address to entice them into the labor force. (CH)

A study to demonstrate any discernible trend in the appointment practices for individuals filling nationally advertised academic administrative vacancies from 1972 to the present is described. An increased percentage of successful external candidates and the unchanged percentage of successful female candidates are revealed. (MLW)