The Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA) of 1986 mandates that applicants for permanent residency either demonstrate minimal understanding of ordinary English and a knowledge and understanding of the history and government of the United States, or show that they are satisfactorily pursuing a course of study recognized by the U.S. Attorney…

Describes the work of Harry S. Broudy and his impact on public education in the United States. Maintains that Broudy believed that universal values can be grounded in human nature. Presents Broudy's view that students in secondary grades should study the arts and humanities to acquire the values necessary for participatory citizenship. (CFR)

This guide offers insight, advice, examples, and resources aimed at community education practitioners in the United Kingdom who want to establish sustainable community education and neighborhood renewal programs promoting active citizenship and social change. The following topics are discussed: (1) neighborhoods in crisis; (2) proposed government…