The present study examined the influence of cultural background on the causes of adolescents loneliness. Eighty Canadian youth and 168 adolescents from the Czech Republic formed the participants pool. They answered and 30 item yes/no questionnaire. The questionnaire is composed of five subscales, namely: Personal inadequacies, Developmental…

To determine if personality characteristics reflect influences of culture, while sex differences remain similar across cultures, 100 Indonesian and 100 American college students completed the Cattell Clinical Analysis Questionnaire, in the appropriate language. An analysis of the results showed that females in both cultures were higher than males…

A human figure drawing instrument was administered to Black children from the Virgin Islands and Georgia and to White children from Mexico. Both cultural and sex differences occurred, influencing the drawings. Black children from different cultures differed from each other on this instrument. (Author/BEF)

The findings from this study provide tentative evidence that the concept of internal-external control may be one psychological construct which is meaningful across cultures. (Author/AM)

This study addresses two specific questions: (1) can changes in infant behavior and maternal attitudes be observed as a function of the child's sex, and (2) if so, at what age do the sex differences become observable? (Author/AM)

A 3D mental rotation task was used to measure spatial performance in boys and girls in Ghana and Scotland. Sex differences of equal magnitude appeared in both cultures. In light of these findings, the author discusses genetic and environmental theories of spatial ability and the problems in testing such skills. (SJL)

Reports on age differences in work commitment and work values among 4,567 American and 3,735 Japanese manufacturing employees. Indicates greater work commitment among older Japanese men, American men, and American women, compared to younger counterparts, and less emphasis on the importance of good pay among older Japanese men. Contains 49…

Data were obtained from 183 Australia-area children between 5- and 8-years-old who were asked questions about what makes them happy, laugh, frightened, and scared. Children who were selected according to ethnicity, were of Aboriginal, Torres Strait Islander, or European descent. Children were interviewed outside schools, on buses, at church, in…

A scale of gender understanding and a measure of sex-role preference were administered to three- to nine-year-old children from four traditional communities in Belize, Kenya, Nepal, and American Samoa. Overall, findings reflected the strong contribution of cognitive development to the growth of gender understanding. (Author/AS)

Presents the results of a study of sex differences in reading achievement in four English-speaking nations, concluding that sex differences in reading ability as measured by tests may be related to cultural factors. (RB)

Although some tribes sanctioned suicide in certain situations, suicide was traditionally infrequent among tribes reviewed. Available from: White Cloud Center, Gaines Hall UOHSC, 840 Southwest Gaines Road, Portland, OR 97201. (CM)

Summarizes the theory of psychological differentiation and reviews recent cross-cultural research on the roles of child rearing, culture, and ecology in the development of individual, group, and sex differences in the field dependence-field independence cognitive style component of psychological differentiation. (SS)