Examined strengths of intergenerational kin dyads (grandparent-grandchild, grandparent-parent, aunt/uncle-niece-nephew) as rated by recipients of kin investment (adult grandchildren or nieces/nephews), noting that affectional ties between cultural model and recipient facilitates cross-generational cultural transmission. Relationship structures…

Subjects were 359 children divided by grade (3 and 6), culture (U.S. and Indian), and sex. Hypothesis was that developmental, cross-cultural, and sex differences would be found in the perception of situational causality. All cross-cultural and developmental differences were found to be significant for U.S. children but not for Indian children. (RJ)

In this study, the most visible change from earlier value orientations was found in time, which shifted from traditional emphasis on future to present. (Author/AM)

Individual differences in esthetic preferences in visual art is correlated in Greece as in the U.S. with food and drink preferences suggestive of liking for oral change and with a pattern of self-characterization that indicates a liking for autonomy, variety, and intellectual and perceptual challenge. (Author/AM)

A Hebrew translation of the Wechsler Preschool Primary Scale of Intelligence was administered to 1072 Israeli-born children aging 4-6 1/2 years. First generation Oriental children performed relatively lower, but the gap between second-generation Israeli children of Oriental and Western origin is notably diminished. (Authors)

Compared peer relations, developmental expectations, perceived competence, and well-being in Dutch and Japanese adolescents, investigating cultural influences. Survey data indicated that Dutch adolescents were more satisfied with their peer relationships, expected to achieve developmental tasks at earlier ages, felt more competent about their…

Examined cultural frame switching among bicultural Greek children living in the Netherlands. Surveys of experimentally primed bicultural children and monocultural comparison children indicated that cultural identity salience impacted self-identification, social explanations, and attitudes toward family integrity and obedience. The condition of…

Explored gender differences in performance on Piagetian tasks of horizontality and verticality, in a stratified random sample of 192 Igbo primary school, secondary school, and university students. Some results supported previous findings on sex differences in reference task performance, but other findings did not fit the predicted pattern. (GC)

This experimental research found differences between African and European subjects on shape matching responses which were believed to be due to cultural influences. (DM)

Tested the hypothesis that differences in cooperative-competitive social behavior between Anglo-Americans and Mexican Americans is a result of larger family size among the latter group. Found that, even after controlling for number of siblings and birth order, statistically significant differences in such behavior remained between the two groups.…

Examined how applicability of activated cultural knowledge would moderate cultural priming effects. Research with Chinese undergraduate students who had extensive knowledge of Chinese and western culture, and with Chinese-born students at an American university, indicated that seeing American versus Chinese cultural primes affected perception of…

Investigated how meanings of being Chinese and being American varied among young adults, examining orientations to Chinese and American cultures and noting cultural domains upon which being Chinese and being American were based. Surveys of Chinese American college students who were American-born or immigrants indicated that the meanings attached…

Examined the impact of intergenerational transmission processes on the intercultural contact and ethnic identification of second generation adolescents from five migrant groups in Germany, distinguishing four possible outcomes of intercultural contact (integration, assimilation, segregation, and marginalization). Data from interviews with same-sex…

Purpose of study was: (1) to obtain data in a cultural setting concerning the ability of children to conserve weight at the point of transition from primary to secondary education; and (2) to explore the relationship between performance or reasoning tasks of the kind employed in nonverbal psychometric tests and the presence or absence of ability…

In a two-person experimental task used in the study of age and cultural differences in the cooperative-competitive behavior of children in a small Mexican town and in California, a higher level of cooperation was seen among Mexican than among Anglo children, as was also an increase in nonadaptive competition with age among the latter. (RJ)