A study investigated culturally shaped patterns of behavior and how receptive or resistant people in an educational setting are to different viewpoints held by members of other cultures. As background, an extensive literature review probed the definitions of "culture" and "ethnocentrism," the causes of ethnocentrism, and how…

This paper evaluates the effectiveness of cross-cultural counseling and advocates a "culture-using" counseling perspective as an alternative to the "etic-emic" approach. The author argues that, currently, counseling is taken as the "given"; culture is treated as a variable in counseling effectiveness; and counseling is never evaluated as a…

The paper discusses the relevance of studying ethnocentrism in the secondary level social studies classroom. The study of ethnocentrism (a people's assumption that their way of life is the right way) allows students to share in the methodology of historiography, helps them to be aware of the importance of ideas and attitudes as historical data,…

The role of education in promoting national integration or in assessing ethnocentric feelings among educated people is discussed. Previous studies are cited to illustrate the problems among ethnic groups and the educational history of Nigeria. Proposals for curricula reform to enhance cultural unity are discussed. (LBH)

Suggests teaching comparative languages and literature to minorities in ways which encourage cultural diversity and create a less Western ethnocentric world view. (MM)

The need for changing existing attitudes and practices toward minority cultural groups and ways in which this might be accomplished are discussed. (RW)

Amerindianization of the schools does not alter or remedy the difficulties experienced by American Indian students, because while the content or staff and curriculum may be Amerindian, the methods, approaches, and structure do not change. (JC)

Discusses communication misunderstandings between peoples of different cultures, suggesting that the major barriers to intercultural communication are often political and international ethnocentricities. Religion is sometimes an even stronger source of ethnocentrism. Provides the example of the Arabic expression, "inshallah," commonly used in…

Examines white counselor self-awareness as an important variable in developing multicultural competence with respect to world view, cultural values, and racial identity. Suggests that counselor self-awareness is a prerequisite for developing multicultural competence, and that an understanding of these factors may improve the delivery of mental…

Among the characteristics of training (such as cross-cultural training) that differentiate it from traditional classroom education are its attention to how adults learn, preference for the experiential approach, emphasis on "learning how to learn," and tailoring to meet individual needs. Seven issues are considered to be most important in current…

In the study reported here, 133 subjects (Ss) were selected randomly from one elementary school. Ss were showed photographs of Bushmen performing daily activities and asked to predict whether a Bushman would prefer specific indigenous customs or their American equivalents, and then to justify the prediction. Scores for three types of predictions…

Examines the history of America's first colleges, founded to both convert Indians to Christianity and, at least in part, to provide a classical liberal arts education. Indicates that all available accounts of Indian missions in colonial colleges were tragic failures. (contains 29 citations) (MAB)

Anecdotes are used to illustrate how White, male, European values are embedded in adventure education. Traditional European assumptions about risk, challenge, and individual accomplishment may not be relevant to other cultures, women, or disadvantaged people. Those in adventure education need to throw out the cookie cutters and explore other ways…