The fifth in the Legal Problems of Education Series, this book deals with school board operation in relation to the legal problems surrounding de facto segregation and collective bargaining. The legal problems reviewed and discussed are organized into six chapters dealing with records, procedures, remedies against school board members,…

This performance guide is designed for teachers to use with students before and after a performance of "The Color of Justice," by Cheryl L. Davis, the true story of the fight for freedom of an elementary school girl and an outspoken lawyer in the 1950s, and how they teamed up to change forever the way black and white Americans lived and…

State of the South 2004 is the fifth edition in North Carolina Manpower Development Corporation MDC's State of the South series, which examines the region's economic and demographic landscape and how Southerners are faring within it. This edition considers the region through the lens of public education, 50 years after the Supreme Court?s Brown…

The United States Supreme Court has had a significant role in the exploration and definition of affirmative action in this country. No more so than in the recent decisions related to the University of Michigan admissions cases. This article will explore the historical role of the U.S. Supreme Court and the decisions that this entity has made in…

Modern educational reform owes much to the legal team and educational leaders who fought to make equal educational opportunity a reality for Black students in the United States of America. Their efforts helped to dismantle American apartheid; a.k.a. Jim Crow, a system of allocating human and civil rights according to assigned or assumed…

The year 2004 marked the 50th anniversary of the landmark "Brown vs. Board of Education" case that put an official end to segregated schooling in the USA. Desegregation has received little attention as of late, yet a number of scholars argue that the work of desegregation is far from being complete in the USA. The aim of this paper is to…

Cites evidence that large Northern cities have resisted integration and in some cases have grown increasingly segregated. (Author/DW)

In Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas, the Supreme Court outlawed segregation in the nation's public schools. This decision has not eliminated racial segregation, but it fundamentally altered the psychological pattern of race relations in the United States. Brown concerned a form of racial discrimination that has virtually vanished from…

Between 1968 and 1980, segregation of black students in the United States declined significantly, especially in the South. During the seventies, black segregation was reduced in all regions of the country, except in the Northeast which became more segregated. Increasing segregation was found in large, older industrial states and cities with…

This publication is a collection of social science research and statistical techniques that can help win civil rights court cases. Articles included are: (1) "A Lawyer Looks at Social Science in the Courts"; (2) "How Social Scientists and Lawyers Can Work Together"; (3) "The Nature of Statistics and Research as Used in Civil Rights Litigation";…

THE 1954 SUPREME COURT DECISION IN "BROWN VERSUS BOARD OF EDUCATION," DECLARING RACIAL SEGREGATION IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS DISCRIMINATORY AND IN VIOLATION OF THE EQUAL PROTECTION CLAUSE OF THE FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT, IS A LANDMARK IN AMERICAN LEGAL AND POLITICAL HISTORY. IT IS INFERRED FROM THE 1954 DECISION THAT THE RIGHT TO BE FREE FROM…

Minimum competency testing has been mandated in one form or another by local school boards or by legislatures in 36 states. Court consideration of such testing has focused on the intent and the consequences of the testing. Where racial segregation in education has existed, courts have argued that even several years after desegregation, testing can…

A federal court ruled that the Justice Department had failed to prove that Alabama's public colleges and universities were segregated. The Justice Department had argued that the entire state system was segregated, instead of offering evidence that specific programs receiving federal money had violated the anti-bias laws. (MLW)

Provides a historical overview of racial issues in American education, discussing court litigation both before and since the "Brown" decision. Holds that, despite positive changes since "Brown" mandated school desegregation, there now exists a real danger of social, economic, and educational regression for Blacks. (Author/MJL)

Uses survey data from 1,833 high school students in the Charlotte-Mecklenburg Schools, North Carolina, to study the direct and indirect negative effects of segregation on academic achievement in the context of the "Swann" court decision. Demonstrates how whites retain privileged access to greater opportunities to learn and how segregated…