Gender differences are defined as biological differences between sexes; however, this review explores how perceived differences may be culturally reinforced gendered behavior that occur within supervision as opposed to actual biological differences among sexes. Additionally, literature supports that gender differences in supervision are minimal,…

Leaders in higher education institutions throughout the United States regard distance learning as an important part of their long-term strategic planning (Allen & Seaman, 2015). Counselor education and supervision training programs are following this trend as demonstrated by the increase of online programs being offered to train professional…

Counselors interact with every student on their campus and impact student outcomes. The researcher examined the predictable relationship between counselors' demographic factors, job-related and professional-related factors (Texas Counseling Association, 2018), and student discipline outcomes (Texas Education Agency, 2021).The researcher used…

The purpose of this study was to provide information regarding the experiences of site supervisors in supervising counselors-in-training who have exhibited problematic behaviors and to begin building a theory about how site supervisors' identify and respond to intern counselors-in-training who exhibit problematic behavior while at their internship…

Supervision aims to protect clients and continue the development of supervisees. After graduation from formal counseling programs, supervision becomes the primary teaching, learning, and evaluative setting. Supervisors are tasked with monitoring and advancing their supervisees' skills and abilities, including multicultural competence and cultural…

The literature is replete with research and references to racism experienced by Black faculty and students in counselor education. Although explorations of the mistrust in relationships between races is extant, empirical investigations into trusting cross-racial relationships in counselor education have been scarce. To address this void, the…

The author discusses the need for counselor educators and supervisors to promote the intersectional nature of identities in counselor trainees and supervisees, especially as supervision serves as the vanguard for professional development and provides a more individually tailored space. This article introduces the concept of multicultural…

This study explored factors that best predict intentional nondisclosure by counselors-in-training (CITs) during onsite supervision, including social judgment about one's supervisor, the supervisory working alliance (SWA), and supervisee attachment styles. Stepwise regression in a sample of 146 CITs revealed that the SWA and supervisee attachment…

Counselor educators and supervisors (CES), as gatekeepers for the counseling profession, have an ethical responsibility to prepare students to be competent to counsel through training, evaluation and supervision. In addition, CES have an ethical obligation to protect the public and the integrity of the profession by remediating or dismissing…

Graduate counseling programs in the United States have increased their population of international students. However, limited studies have addressed the challenges of international students, specifically in school counseling programs. Considering the cultural disparities that exist for international school counseling students and the challenges…

Although clinical supervision is an educational endeavor (Borders & Brown, [Borders, L. D., 2005]), many scholars neglect theories of learning in working with supervisees. The authors describe 1 learning theory--information processing theory (Atkinson & Shiffrin, 1968, 1971; Schunk, 2016)--and the ways its associated interventions may…

District-level school counseling supervisors assist with school counselors' induction into the school counseling field; however, related research is lacking. As a result, we conducted an exploratory thematic analysis to investigate district supervisors' experiences and perceptions regarding novice school counselors' transition from preservice to…

Feedback and evaluation are key components of the developmental process of supervision through which professional growth and competencies are shaped. Evaluation and feedback occur continuously throughout training and include formative and summative feedback. Supervisors and supervisees need to consider the processes and procedures through which…

Fieldwork is mandatory for students in counselor education programs accredited by the Council for Accreditation of Counselor and Related Educational Programs (CACREP, 2016). As such, creating and maintaining relationships with field placement sites is essential for counselor education programs to offer quality field placements for their…

The aim of this study was to examine Turkish first-time and advanced supervisees' supervisory relationship experiences. A phenomenological design was preferred for examining whether undergraduate- and graduate-level supervisees' supervisory relationship experiences according to their professional developmental levels. The participants consisted of…