One of the aims of clinical supervision is to ensure counselors meet the ethical obligations of the counseling profession, which include religious and spiritual (R/S) competence. To date, however, there has been no framework for the supervision of R/S competence in the research literature. We use an extension of the spiritually competent…

In 2003, the American Counseling Association (ACA) adopted the ACA Advocacy Competencies (J. A. Lewis, M. S. Arnold, R. House, & R. L. Toporek, 2002) to provide guidance to counselors and acknowledge advocacy as an ethical aspect of service to clients. This article provides a foundation for this special section by sharing a historical perspective…

There is a rise in calls for counselors to be advocates for social justice. Counselors can meet the growing need to expand their roles to include advocacy by using the ACA (American Counseling Association) Advocacy Competencies (J. A. Lewis, M. S. Arnold, R. House, & R. L. Toporek, 2002). This article operationalizes the client/student level of…

This paper contains an instrument for evaluating college counselors as esteem-builders, using Borba's Analysis of Self-Esteem. The instrument is divided into five components, each of which should be fostered in a student by the counselor: (1) Security, a feeling of strong assuredness; (2) Selfhood, a feeling of individuality; (3) Affiliation, a…