The leisure counseling movement must begin to be concerned with both physical needs, which can be met by vigorous activity, and psychological needs, including recognition, achievement, acceptance, and self-esteem, which vocational activities often do not satisy. (MB)

In part one, changes in counseling theory from the perspectives of the self-organization paradigm, quantum theory, and sex-role development are discussed. In part two, the change structure of counseling practice is discussed, including articles on uses of imagery, dream therapy, metaphors, learning style, voluntary self-regulation, and…

Sees healthy development as specified aim of mental health counseling. Classifies theories of development along two dimensions: person's internal drive and person's relationship to environment. Contends that each pole implies different role for counselors, that counselors must combine roles of cultivator and coach, and that mental health…

Examines advantages and disadvantages of four helping orientations counselors can use to address religious and spiritual issues in psychotherapy: rejectionism, exclusivism, constructivism, and pluralism. Advocates constructivist and pluralist approaches as being best suited to work with diverse clients and religious beliefs, and flexible enough to…

The developmental counselor focuses on all children, learning atmosphere, and significant adults who provide indirect service to the child. The goal is a purposeful approach to the educational experience of life in a socially meaningful manner. The objectives will be implemented only by establishing priorities and developing strategy of…

Environmental manipulation is a technique that can be utilized by counselors to supplement regular counseling activities. One expression of this technique involves working with that environment of the student which comprises other students, teachers and administrators. Other methods and results are discussed. (Author)

The purposes of the present study were to determine if (a) students trained to demonstrate specific skills learn these skills and transfer them to actual counseling sessions; (b) mastery of counseling skills differs by students' adherence to one of four general counseling theories; (c) mastery of counseling skills is related to counseling goal…

An integrative framework based on work adjustment theory is discussed. Theoretical themes and the different needs of practitioners and researchers in vocational psychology are highlighted. (Author)

Develops a different perspective on the ethics of suicide, based on theoretical and clinical grounds. Suggests the need to shift from a search for an ethical statement about suicide (e.g., "rational suicide") to the ethical justification for intervention based on the needs and interests of an affirming therapeutic profession. (JAC)

Without the election of personal choice (decision making) an individual's behavior would lack direction and would be mere random activity. Decision Counseling, therefore, is necessarily involved in all extended helping relationships, and only the timing of its inception or implementation must be determined. (Author)

This research effort presents (a) a model for viewing counseling theories and (b) data regarding the similarities and differences among selected counseling theorists on two dimensions: a process dimension and a goal dimension. (Author)

There is currently a strong interest in brief psychodynamic therapy. Therapists adopting this approach need to become familiar with different character or personality styles. The psychodynamic therapist who understands and works in conjunction with the client's particular character style will be able to establish a therapeutic relationship more…

The current emphasis on performance criteria in training programs and in professional services poses a threat to the humanistically oriented helper. This article suggests a behavioral humanism as the desired solution to the dilemma and proposes some guidelines for formulating and implementing such a synthetic system. (Author)