A reliable criterion system was developed for responses to a follow-up questionnaire and precounseling goal check list to appraise the effects of counseling. (Author)

The counselor is important for effective functioning of a group. Many interactions evolve from his presence and the client's subsequent struggles to be dependent and independent. The various phases in this sturggle are explained as is their relation to Freudian theory. (EK)

This article specifies several dimensions of coordination and advocacy and examines the relationship between client use of counselors functioning in these two roles and the nature and degree of subsequent improvement in several areas of client functioning. (Author)

The author examines several of Ellis'"irrational ideas" as they relate specifically to counselors. These ideas provide a convenient vehicle for the discussion of some typical misconceptions about counseling. Counselors are encouraged to analyze their own feelings and thought processes and to determine irrational ideas in addition to those…

Tests the hypothesis that an influence attempt that implies a power base which the counselor is not perceived to possess will increase resistance to accepting the influence (or conversely, decrease the likelihood of compliance). Subjects perceived interviewers as intended. (Author)

This article suggests that emotional disturbance be viewed as an ecological phenomenon that exists in the transactions among people. The task of the counselor is to alter disturbed transactions in ways that promote individual competence. (Author)

Genuine communication with Indian people can be facilitated by shattering false myths, understanding the Indian from within his own culture, and responding to his own interpretation of the needs and problems encountered in his relationships with white Americans. (Author)

It is the contention of this model that a counseling approach that focuses almost exclusively on the significant adults" or primary focus people" in a child's life will in terms of economy and efficiency address itself more successfully to the primary goal of education. (Author)

If used wisely, counselor disclosure can be both therapeutic and facilitative for the client. Counselor disclosure may enhance the communication process and may even aid in discussing and solving problems. The positive effect of counselor disclosure seems to be its reciprocal effects on the client. (PAS)

All people, including counselors, learn and act out a set of roles that includes both "real self" roles and other, less familiar, more uncomfortable roles. Certain principles employed in the training of actors can be applied to counselor preparation. Implications and suggestions for counselor educators are offered. (Author)

Considers some of the issues involved in the debate over codes of ethics regarding the right to effective treatment. Offers suggestions for how ethical codes could be modified to include clients' right to receive effective treatment and social workers' obligation to be educated about and to provide such treatment. (RJM)

Describes an evaluation of the Teachers as Counselors (TAC) program in which students were given an evaluation to complete that measured satisfaction with the program, life events, and associated stresses. Results show that a lack of consistency in the defining or supporting role of the counselor minimizes direct services to students. (Author/JDM)