This article examines some African viewpoints in order to suggest elements that might be used in formulating a philosophy of guidance and a mode of practice suitable for Africa. A comment by C. Gilbert Wrenn follows. (Author)

This study relates the effect evaluations had on changes in existing guidance programs. Ohio schools (n=20) that had completed an evaluation the previous year were studied. Of the 357 recommendations made to the evaluated schools, nearly one-third were fully implemented within one year and another one-third were in process of implementation.…

This study explored students' use of high school counselors, and more specifically, the effect of a black counselor on the helper preference of students. A questionnaire composed of 21 items concerning personal, educational and vocational problems was presented to sophomore and junior students from the following types of high schools: (1) white…

Outcome research in counseling has generally overlooked the problem that main effects of treatment may have little meaning in the presence of interactions, and that variables not represented in research designs have no opportunity to demonstrate their interactive effect. Comparison of several groups in terms of mean differences or average gains,…

Three broad counseling strategies are described that will enable counselees to attain their counseling objectives. A procedure for implementing these strategies is stated and examples of its use are given. (Author)

Student protests indicate in part, ineffective guidance programs. Discusses attitudes and role of youth related to social change. Suggests ways for counselors to rechannel student interests into attempted educational changes. Literature survey. (CJ)

This document argues that packaged guidance curriculum activities are intended for general populations and often fail to address the needs of certain communities or to be responsive to specific events. A process is then presented which enables counselors to design their own activities. The process described is based on an experiential learning…

Effective rehabilitation requires the counselor to serve as his client's advocate. The goals of rehabilitation are clear and are product oriented. While skill as a counselor is required to achieve these goals for many clients, the clients represent problems which will require more than counseling skills before the problems can be resolved and the…

In redirecting educational efforts to respond to change, the counseling and guidance services are at the core. New roles for these areas must emerge as career education comes of age. The National Advisory Council on Vocational Education (NACVE) sees a need for counseling and guidance to set new goals and objectives. NACVE's sixth report,…

These 3 papers explore accountability in education: implications for guidance workers; accountability -- to whom, for what; and accountability from the point of view of a chief administrator. The first paper promotes a 4 step action plan to help the practitioners of guidance "get their house in order": (1) balancing burdens with capabilities; (2)…

Universities are poorly equipped to educate growing numbers of Blacks, and counselors try to fit them into existing molds rather than attempt to change institutions to accommodate student needs. Personnel have not adapted to change, and cannot deal with culturally different students. Speech presented at American Psychological Association (Division…

This report discusses one of the consistent problems in school counseling and guidance-that of furnishing concrete evidence concerning the effects of counseling and guidance activities on the development of children. The following causal factors are discussed: (1) the difficulty of pinning down abstractly stated goals in an operational manner at…

A procedure for determining the effectiveness of counseling programs is suggested in this monograph. Since the procedure is systematic and two-pronged--process and outcome evaluation--it provides information as to the degree of program effectiveness and/or ineffectiveness. A self-correcting system, the procedure's progressive steps illuminate…