When, why, and how clinicians decide to write about clients are ethical concerns. There are risks and potential clinical ramifications as well as responsibilities for how these decisions are made. On the basis of 141 interviews with psychoanalysts who have published in 3 major national and international psychoanalytic journals, the author explores…

A person's actions are caused by the interaction of external environmental forces and internal personal forces. Attributing actions to one or the other set of forces is a distorted view of cause. In therapy, attributing actions to external forces, particularly past events, relieves the client of guilt and makes sense out of his actions.…

Discusses aspects of age prejudice including: age restrictiveness, age distortion, and ageism. Considers social changes related to age prejudice. Describes a University of Vermont course in age prejudice. Includes a table listing cognitive, affective, and behavioral objectives for the reduction of age discrimination. (RC)