When enrollment fluctuates, dual-age classes are an effective means of maintaining a reasonable student/teacher ratio. Teachers must have experience, flexibility, and creativity; and students selected must be able to work both cooperatively and independently. Chronological ages and achievement ranges are usually narrower than in "straight"…

Recent research supports Vygotsky's "zone of proximal development" theory; children receiving peer assistance can stretch their learning beyond their individual accomplishment. A study of a multiage classroom revealed three strategies used by children working together to solve math problems--modeling, tutoring, and pairing/sharing…