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Showing 136 to 150 of 1,286 results Save | Export
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Goode, Travis D.; Maren, Stephen – Learning & Memory, 2017
Surviving threats in the environment requires brain circuits for detecting (or anticipating) danger and for coordinating appropriate defensive responses (e.g., increased cardiac output, stress hormone release, and freezing behavior). The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) is a critical interface between the "affective…
Descriptors: Learning Processes, Fear, Brain, Neurology
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Colon, Lorianna; Odynocki, Natalie; Santarelli, Anthony; Poulos, Andrew M. – Learning & Memory, 2018
Development and sex differentiation impart an organizational influence on the neuroanatomy and behavior of mammalian species. Prior studies suggest that brain regions associated with fear motivated defensive behavior undergo a protracted and sex-dependent development. Outside of adult animals, evidence for developmental sex differences in…
Descriptors: Gender Differences, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Fear, Behavior
Kleinert, Kelly – ProQuest LLC, 2018
The experimenter conducted three experiments to compare incidental language acquisition of familiar and non-familiar stimuli, and asses the effects of specific pairing experiences on the emergence of bidirectional naming (BiN) for familiar and non-familiar stimuli. In Experiment I the experimenter assessed the numbers of accurate untaught listener…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Naming, Familiarity, Stimuli
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Merschbaecher, Katja; Hatko, Lucyna; Folz, Jennifer; Mueller, Uli – Learning & Memory, 2016
Acetylation of histones changes the efficiency of the transcription processes and thus contributes to the formation of long-term memory (LTM). In our comparative study, we used two inhibitors to characterize the contribution of different histone acetyl transferases (HATs) to appetitive associative learning in the honeybee. For one we applied…
Descriptors: Inhibition, Long Term Memory, Cognitive Processes, Comparative Analysis
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Revillo, Damian A.; Trebucq, Gastón; Paglini, Maria G.; Arias, Carlos – Learning & Memory, 2016
Although it is currently accepted that the extinction effect reflects new context-dependent learning, this is not so clear during infancy, because some studies did not find recovery of the extinguished conditioned response (CR) in rodents during this ontogenetic stage. However, recent studies have shown the return of an extinguished CR in infant…
Descriptors: Fear, Conditioning, Animals, Olfactory Perception
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Huff, Mary L.; Emmons, Eric B.; Narayanan, Nandakumar S.; LaLumiere, Ryan T. – Learning & Memory, 2016
The basolateral amygdala (BLA) modulates memory consolidation for a variety of types of learning, whereas other brain regions play more selective roles in specific kinds of learning suggesting a role for differential consolidation via distinct BLA pathways. The ventral hippocampus (VH), an efferent target of the BLA, has been suggested to…
Descriptors: Memory, Learning Processes, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Animals
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Nokia, Miriam S.; Waselius, Tomi; Mikkonen, Jarno E.; Wikgren, Jan; Penttonen, Markku – Learning & Memory, 2015
Hippocampal ? (3-12 Hz) oscillations are implicated in learning and memory, but their functional role remains unclear. We studied the effect of the phase of local ? oscillation on hippocampal responses to a neutral conditioned stimulus (CS) and subsequent learning of classical trace eyeblink conditioning in adult rabbits. High-amplitude, regular…
Descriptors: Brain, Stimuli, Responses, Learning
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Rieth, Sarah R.; Stahmer, Aubyn C.; Suhrheinrich, Jessica; Schreibman, Laura – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2015
Many individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) display stimulus overselectivity, wherein a subset of relevant components in a compound stimulus controls responding, which impairs discrimination learning. The original experimental research on stimulus overselectivity in ASD was conducted several decades ago; however, interventions for…
Descriptors: Children, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Stimuli
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Siette, Joyce; Reichelt, Amy C.; Westbrook, R. Frederick – Learning & Memory, 2014
Three experiments used rats to examine the effect of a single bout of voluntary activity (wheel running) on the acquisition, extinction, and reconsolidation of context conditioned fear. In Experiment 1, rats provided with access to a wheel for 3 h immediately before or after a shocked exposure to a context froze more when tested in that context…
Descriptors: Conditioning, Animals, Fear, Physical Activities
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Oertel, Simon; Söll, Matthias – Higher Education: The International Journal of Higher Education Research, 2017
Universities find themselves faced with the conflicting institutional demands of being cathedrals of learning and research as well as introducing managerial and corporate-like structures. Despite many studies in higher education research that focus on how this situation affects the mission of universities, the role of imprinting has not received…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Universities, Educational Trends, Educational Research
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Lepper, Tracy L.; Petursdottir, Anna Ingeborg – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2017
Research on stimulus-stimulus pairing to induce novel vocalizations in nonverbal children has typically employed response-independent pairing (RIP) procedures to condition speech sounds as reinforcers. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of a response-contingent pairing (RCP) procedure on the vocalizations of three…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Program Effectiveness, Males
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Leganes-Fonteneau, Mateo; Nikolaou, Kyriaki; Scott, Ryan; Duka, Theodora – Learning & Memory, 2019
Stimuli conditioned with a substance can generate drug-approach behaviors due to their acquired motivational properties. According to implicit theories of addiction, these stimuli can decrease cognitive control automatically. The present study (n = 49) examined whether reward-associated stimuli can interfere with cognitive processes in the absence…
Descriptors: Knowledge Level, Rewards, Conditioning, Bayesian Statistics
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Vernon, Jeffrey; Irvine, Elaine E.; Peters, Marco; Jeyabalan, Jeshmi; Giese, K. Peter – Learning & Memory, 2016
Phosphorylation is a ubiquitous post-translational modification of proteins, and a known physiological regulator of K[superscript +] channel function. Phosphorylation of K[superscript +] channels by kinases has long been presumed to regulate neuronal processing and behavior. Although circumstantial evidence has accumulated from behavioral studies…
Descriptors: Physiology, Neurological Organization, Cognitive Processes, Genetics
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Liu, Yan; Sun, Jiandong; Wang, Yubin; Lopez, Dulce; Tran, Jennifer; Bi, Xiaoning; Baudry, Michel – Learning & Memory, 2016
Calpain-1 (CANP1) has been shown to play a critical role in synaptic plasticity and learning and memory, as its deletion in mice results in impairment in theta-burst stimulation (TBS)-induced LTP and various forms of learning and memory. Likewise, PHLPP1 (aka SCOP) has also been found to participate in learning and memory, as PHLPP1 overexpression…
Descriptors: Animals, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Research, Memory
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Kochli, Daniel E.; Thompson, Elaine C.; Fricke, Elizabeth A.; Postle, Abagail F.; Quinn, Jennifer J. – Learning & Memory, 2015
Numerous investigations have definitively shown amygdalar involvement in delay and contextual fear conditioning. However, much less is known about amygdala contributions to trace fear conditioning, and what little evidence exists is conflicting as noted in previous studies. This discrepancy may result from selective targeting of individual nuclei…
Descriptors: Fear, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Conditioning, Animals
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