Intended to provide a frame of reference for a symposium on automated aids to instructional design and development (ID), this paper accomplishes three tasks: (1) it outlines problems encountered in ID--e.g., complexity of curriculum planning and instruction development, quality maintenance in the ID process and products, and cost effectiveness--in…

A brief overview of how computer assisted instruction came into wide use and its present cost effectiveness as an instructional tool. (HB)

Instructional media systems might be of help in meeting the educational crisis of today, but it is difficult to find systems which reached the potential demonstrated in pilot efforts. Some of the more obvious reasons for the failures in educational technology are these: there is research but not development, equipment but no materials, a market…

The educational problems of the United States have reached critical proportions, particularly if the nation is to maintain leadership in high technology industries. This document explores the promise technology offers for improving instruction and broadening alternatives for instructional delivery. The author considers how technologically assisted…

A review of the literature concerning computer assisted instruction (CAI) yielded 23 assertions of the value of CAI as an instructional technique. Sixty-seven faculty members in two community colleges who have had opportunities to use CAI were surveyed as to their agreement or disagreement with each assertion. The faculty responses showed…

A study was undertaken to develop a microterminal for use in a computer-based instructional system. Objectives were to use new microprocessor technology to produce one terminal that is more effective and efficient than either the management terminal or the plasma type interactive terminal presently in use by the Air Force Advanced Instructional…

Description of the components of expert systems highlights their potential uses in the field of instructional design. Uses of expert systems are described for determining the cost-effectiveness of instructional media; as instructional management aids; as job aids; in helping to diagnose student problems; and as student feedback/evaluation systems.…

Describes the use of telecommunications for distance learning in elementary and secondary schools. Satellite services are described, educational television is discussed, online computer services are explained, other distance learning technologies such as audio conference calls are described, and costs are discussed. (LRW)

This review considers two major areas--research on educational media and research on school media centers (learning resource centers). Research reviewed in this report is limited to studies carried out in public school settings or that deal with issues of concern in public education. An introduction discusses the changing definition of…

Focusing on interactive, computer-based systems and external, long-distance instruction transmitted from one or more satellite earth stations, this paper begins by citing the need to experiment with and develop new delivery systems that will increase productivity in both teaching and learning. The use of satellite technology in Utah and Texas is…

This study compared the use of an animated pedagogical agent (agent) with an electronic arrow and voice narration (arrow and voice) in a multimedia learning environment where 74 college level English as a Second Language (ESL) students learned English relative clauses. No significant differences in learning or performance were found between the…

Scenarios depicting both positive and negative alternative futures were prepared to serve as a source of ideas in this study of ways to improve education with less money. Included in this third volume are (1) a disaster scenario based on piecemeal, reactive solutions; (2) a scenario based on applications of "big media"; (3) a scenario…

Scenarios depicting both positive and negative alternative futures were prepared to serve as a source of ideas in this study of ways to achieve better schools for less money. Included are (1) a disaster scenario based on piecemeal, reactive solutions; (2) a scenario based on applications of "big media"; (3) a scenario based on individualized…

In the first of four symposium papers, Clark reviews the research on learning from media and uses his argument that media comparison studies show no differences in learning attributable to any one medium over another to dispute recent research on computer-assisted instruction. He also takes the position that the media attribute argument (i.e.,…

Computers in education are put in context by a brief review of current social and technological trends, a short history of the development of computers and the vast expansion of their use, and a brief description of computers and their use. Further chapters describe instructional applications, administrative uses, uses of computers for libraries…