Attempts are being made to break away from the old structural pattern of the Latin American university which has become distorted and dysfunctional from the point of view of the interest of the people. Some recent attempts at restructuring provide guidelines for future action and planning. (Author/JH)

Administrative apparatus should be geared to support an innovative climate, offering to work with teachers, teaching them to think creatively, and thus innovatively. (Author/JB)

African education -- past and present -- is surveyed and suggestions are made to ensure that African national educational systems meet the needs of a modern world while fostering the full development of African culture and helping to satisfy the material and spiritual needs of the in people. (JH)

The author briefly describes the development of education in Costa Rica from 1950 to 1974. Emphasis is placed upon reform-minded national education plans started in 1972. (DE)

The history and development of the Laotian education system is described. Emphasis is placed on the transition from a colonial western oriented system to a system that focuses on Laotian cultural identity. (DE)

The development of the Malaysian national educational system is described. An outline of the vocational component of the system is presented with an evaluation of descrepancies between output of the formal educational system and the manpower requirements of the economy. (KM)

A critique of India's colonial educational system and a review of post colonial reform measures are presented. An outline of the projected reforms of the national educational system from 1976-86, including administration, skills, teaching, curriculum content and finance, is provided. (Author/DB)

The history, problems, and goals of the Finnish media education program are examined. (IS)

Argues history and philosophy of education, comparative education, and pedagogy are of enormous importance to basic teacher training and preparation programs. Describes the state of educational research in Spain that is undergoing rapid expansion. Claims comparative education is an effective means of improving world education systems. (NL)

Examines comparative education's status in India in college curricula and as an educational research topic. Argues that comparative education receives scant attention, referring to surveys that show almost nonexistent numbers of doctoral dissertations in comparative education at two Indian universities and that show the paucity of comparative…

The education system is a failure and must be reexamined. Student teacher relationships and teaching methods must change. In the future, instead of learning by rote, students will have recourse to data banks to obtain the materials to be used as content for the exercise of what Piaget calls operativity. (RM)