The Unusual Uses subtest of the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking and the Rotter Social Reaction Inventory were administered to 168 graduate students. Internals were found to have significantly higher scores on the flexibility and originality measures, while the externals had significantly higher elaboration scores. (Author)

Positive self-concept correlated with belief in one's internal locus of desired control. Examining only institutionalized subjects, the first study found this relationship to be prominent for male subjects. In the second study, comparing institutionalized and noninstitutionalized elderly, this relationship was again most prominent for…

It is suggested that approaches to research assessment vary according to national context. In the United States, higher education is dominated by market forces; in Britain and Australia, emphasis is on interinstitutional competitiveness; in northern Europe, focus is overall system efficiency. Performance indicators and peer review of research are…

Reviews three distinct research programs in the field of performance-based assessment that have the common goal of understanding its technical qualities and developing design strategies to use such qualities. Highlights common threads in findings that suggest a set of design strategies for future efforts at developing effective performance…

Nonassertive female university student volunteers (N=45) were assigned randomly to one of three individual counseling programs: placebo counseling, standard assertion training, or assertion training incorporating anger induction procedures. The standard method proved superior on a self-report measure but on one of four behavioral ratings the anger…

The perceptions of empathy among 12 clients, 12 counselors, 12 observers, and two judges on the empathy subscale of the Truax Relationship Inventory and on Carkhuff's empathy rating scale were studied. Results indicate strong agreement among all participants of the counseling process on their perceptions of empathy. (Author)

Job-based coracialism (the presence of black co-workers and superiors) and voluntary association joining are found to be inversely related among black female workers in Texas. Possible interpretations are offered, including the view that joining may be compensatory for black workers who lack coracialism. (Author)

This study examines salary differences by sex for a group of male and female college graduates. The results of the mail questionnaire lend support to current claims of discrimination in the employment of women. Implications for counselors are discussed. (SJL)

The purposes of this study were to demonstrate a methodology for local development of slide-tape occupational information materials, and to determine whether this was a more effective means of conveying this information than printed or aural presentations. The results indicate the slide-tape mode was the most effective. (Author)

Members of five "mental illness gatekeeper" professions evaluated 190 behavioral items for the mental illness implications of the behavior described in each item. Professional groups differed significantly in their general readiness to "see" mental illness in the total pool of items, and in the ways they defined mental illness in behavioral terms.…

The present study was concerned with relationships among three different methods of evaluating psychotherapy outcome: final status scores, pretreatment to posttreatment difference scores, and direct ratings of global improvement. Similarities and differences among these relationships and those previously reported in the literature are discussed.…

Age-Specific divorce rates and weighted divorce rates are evaluated in comparison with several traditional rates. The analysis reversals of the ranking of some states in comparison with rankings based on other divorce rates, and the age-specific rates for young married couples is lower than expected. (Author)

The present investigation superimposed a group discussion process over a typical vocational counseling process in which the primary focus was on test information and over two atypical vocational counseling processes. The atypical groups learned significantly more and retained longer than did both the typical groups and the control groups. (Author)

In 1980 the civilian labor force included over one million artists. This report, based on data collected by the U.S. Bureau of the Census, contains a detailed analysis of the distribution of those artists among various types of industries. Artists were assigned to one of 230 detailed industry categories, based upon the 1972 Standard Industrial…

An upward trend of psychoactive drug use within the lower grade levels was observed among 616 high school students. Although different patterns of drug use exist between parochial and public high school sophomores, by their junior year the two groups were similar. (Author)