Tested Anglo American and Mexican American children for how competitiveness is related to achievement, cooperativeness is related to affiliation, and the cultural differences in cooperation-competition are related to those in affiliation and achievement. Results indicate that large cultural differences in cooperation-competition are not explained…

Used projective techniques employing photographs of houses representing families' different income levels to explore low- and middle-income 5- to 14-year-olds' character associations regarding economic class and corresponding friendship choices. Found that even at early ages, both realistic assessments and popular prejudices about wealth and…

Two analytic models, each with different implications for data analysis, have been used in behavioral science research for assessing attitudinal congruency. The term relative congruence applies to the family of agreement indices which, although functions of the absolute index, are formulated relative to chance expectations. The term absolute…

This study found that, although the mental representations of 20 sexually abused and 20 physically abused females (ages 7-12) did not differ, the internal images of the abused groups differed from images of 20 nonabused but distressed children. Thus it is abuse, and not simply family distress, that results in impaired object relations. (Author/JDD)

The study assessed the cross-cultural validity of the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) as a gauge of motivation to succeed (as proposed in Atkinson's model of motivation) with 45 Hong Kong students. Although doubts about the TAT's validity were found to be unjustified, the question of whether the test captures the need to achieve remains.…

The Koppitz Minibattery, that is, the Bender Gestalt Test, the Visual Aural Digit Span Test (VADS), and the Human Figure Drawing (HFD), was adopted and extended for use with middle school pupils (aged 11 to 14). Similarities and differences for older and younger children are described in behavior observation, objective scores and the qualitative…

The study is concerned with the psychology of citizenship in Great Britain, France, and the United States. Part I of the booklet discusses the use of semiprojective procedures to elicit surface psychocultural dispositions (cognitive and value assumptions, assumptions about behavioral norms, etc.). The procedure involves asking late preadolescent…

Study results indicated that the TEMAS (Tell-me-a-story), a new thematic apperception test which depicts ethnic minority figures, cultural themes, and urban backgrounds, produced increased responsiveness in 76 Hispanic children to culturally relevant stimuli and may be a promising instrument for assessment of minority children. (CM)

This executive summary reports on an investigation of the impact of parent-absence on the socialization of black children. Four different studies were conducted by the Parent Improvement and Child Socialization Project among respondents identified through lists of inmates supplied by the D.C. Department of Corrections and by visits to penal…

Beginning in 1956 about 250 students in two London, England junior schools were intensively studied over a 4-year period for intellectual, educational, emotional, and social development. The schools approached instruction differently; one was child-oriented; the other was subject-oriented. In 1964 this followup study was conducted with some of the…

In this book, the first of a series on functional education for individual, community, and national development, the author shares her understanding of the needs of nonformal education and what may prove useful to fulfill these needs. The content is in three sections. The first one identifies the forces that have converged to give nonformal…