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Inhibitory Mechanisms in Down Syndrome: Is There a Specific or General Deficit?
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Borella, Erika; Carretti, Barbara; Lanfranchi, Silvia – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2013
The cognitive profile of individuals with Down syndrome (DS) is known to be characterized by an impaired executive functioning, but inhibition-related processes have not been extensively examined in this setting. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether individuals with DS have any specific or general deficit in inhibitory…
Descriptors: Inhibition, Down Syndrome, Short Term Memory, Mental Age
Visuospatial Support for Verbal Short-Term Memory in Individuals with Down Syndrome
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Duarte, Cintia Perez; Covre, Priscila; Braga, Ana Claudia; de Macedo, Elizeu Coutinho – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2011
Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) tend to have impaired verbal short-term memory (STM), which persists even when visual support is provided for carrying out verbal tasks. Objective: The current study aims to investigate whether visuospatial support, rather than just visual, can compensate for verbal STM deficits in these individuals. The…
Descriptors: Mental Age, Down Syndrome, Short Term Memory, Spatial Ability
Everyday Memory and Working Memory in Adolescents with Mild Intellectual Disability
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Van der Molen, M. J.; Van Luit, J. E. H.; Van der Molen, Maurits W.; Jongmans, Marian J. – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2010
Everyday memory and its relationship to working memory was investigated in adolescents with mild intellectual disability and compared to typically developing adolescents of the same age (CA) and younger children matched on mental age (MA). Results showed a delay on almost all memory measures for the adolescents with mild intellectual disability…
Descriptors: Mental Age, Mild Mental Retardation, Adolescents, Short Term Memory
Verbal, Visual, and Spatio-Sequential Short-Term Memory: Assessment of the Storage Capacities of Children and Teenagers with Down's Syndrome
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Frenkel, S.; Bourdin, B. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2009
Background: It is recognized that individuals with Down's syndrome have a specific deficit in verbal short-term memory. On the other hand, non-verbal short-term memory seems to be preserved or even be a strong point for these persons. Nevertheless, the extent and specificity of the deficit must be determined. To do so, we carried out a research…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Adolescents, Short Term Memory, Memorization
Intact Inner Speech Use in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Evidence from a Short-Term Memory Task
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Williams, David; Happe, Francesca; Jarrold, Christopher – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2008
Background: Inner speech has been linked to higher-order cognitive processes including "theory of mind", self-awareness and executive functioning, all of which are impaired in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Individuals with ASD, themselves, report a propensity for visual rather than verbal modes of thinking. This study explored the extent to…
Descriptors: Inner Speech (Subvocal), Autism, Short Term Memory, Comparative Analysis
Verbal Short-term Memory in Down's Syndrome: An Articulatory Loop Deficit?
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Vicari, S.; Marotta, L.; Carlesimo, G. A. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2004
Verbal short-term memory, as measured by digit or word span, is generally impaired in individuals with Down's syndrome (DS) compared to mental age-matched controls. Moving from the working memory model, the present authors investigated the hypothesis that impairment in some of the articulatory loop sub-components is at the base of the deficient…
Descriptors: Mental Age, Short Term Memory, Downs Syndrome, Verbal Ability