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Direct linkBradford, Elisabeth E. F.; Brunsdon, Victoria E. A.; Ferguson, Heather J. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2023
Perspective-taking plays an important role in daily life, allowing consideration of other people's perspectives and viewpoints. This study used a large sample of 265 community-based participants (aged 20-86 years) to examine changes in perspective-taking abilities--a component of "Theory of Mind"--across adulthood, and how these changes…
Descriptors: Perspective Taking, Eye Movements, Error Patterns, Older Adults
Davidson, Denise; Vanegas, Sandra B.; Hilvert, Elizabeth – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2017
Self-conscious emotions, such as shame, guilt and pride, facilitate our social interactions by motivating us to adhere to social norms and external standards. In this study, we examined proneness to shame, guilt, hubristic pride and authentic pride in adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder traits (ASD-T) and in neurotypical (NT) adults. Relations…
Descriptors: Adults, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Emotional Response
Byom, Lindsey; Turkstra, Lyn S. – International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 2017
Background: Social communication problems are common in adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI), particularly problems in spoken discourse. Social communication problems are thought to reflect underlying cognitive impairments. Aims: To measure the contribution of two cognitive processes, executive functioning (EF) and theory of mind (ToM), to the…
Descriptors: Head Injuries, Brain, Adults, Cognitive Processes
Yang, Daniel Y.-J.; Baillargeon, Renée – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2013
Why do individuals with more autistic traits experience social difficulties? Here we examined the hypothesis that these difficulties stem in part from a challenge in understanding social acting, the prosocial pretense that adults routinely produce to maintain positive relationships with their ingroup. In Study 1, we developed a self-administered…
Descriptors: Autism, Adults, Prosocial Behavior, Beliefs
Mayer, Andreas; Träuble, Birgit – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2015
Previous cross-cultural research using false-belief tasks has explored whether children's theory of mind develops synchronously across cultures. Success on false-belief tasks is usually interpreted as an important indicator of children's mental state understanding, but inconsistent findings have led to questions regarding the interpretation of…
Descriptors: Cross Cultural Studies, Foreign Countries, Theory of Mind, Task Analysis
Schuwerk, Tobias; Vuori, Maria; Sodian, Beate – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2015
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between explicit and implicit forms of Theory of Mind reasoning and to test the influence of experience on implicit Theory of Mind reasoning in individuals with autism spectrum disorders and in neurotypical adults. Results from two standard explicit Theory of Mind tasks are mixed: Individuals with…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Correlation, Theory of Mind
O'Reilly, Karin; Peterson, Candida C.; Wellman, Henry M. – Developmental Psychology, 2014
Two studies addressed key theoretical debates in theory of mind (ToM) development by comparing (a) deaf native signers (n = 18), (b) deaf late signers (n = 59), and (c) age-matched hearing persons (n = 74) in childhood (Study 1: n = 81) and adulthood (Study 2: n = 70) on tests of first- and second-order false belief and conversational sarcasm.…
Descriptors: Deafness, Negative Attitudes, Theory of Mind, Sign Language
Gonzalez-Gadea, Maria Luz; Baez, Sandra; Torralva, Teresa; Castellanos, Francisco Xavier; Rattazzi, Alexia; Bein, Victoria; Rogg, Katharina; Manes, Facundo; Ibanez, Agustin – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2013
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and Asperger's Syndrome (AS) share a heterogeneous cognitive profile. Studies assessing executive functions (EF) and social cognition in both groups have found preserved and impaired performances. These inconsistent findings would be partially explained by the cognitive variability reported in these…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Asperger Syndrome, Social Cognition, Theory of Mind
Crane, Laura; Goddard, Lorna; Pring, Linda – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2013
Autobiographical memory difficulties have been widely reported in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The aim of the current study was to explore the potential correlates of autobiographical memory performance (including depressed mood, rumination, working memory and theory of mind) in adults with ASD, relative to a group of typical adults…
Descriptors: Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Autism, Autobiographies, Adults
Brown, Heather M.; Klein, Perry D. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2011
This research compared the written compositions of 16 adults with high-functioning autism spectrum disorders and 16 neurotypical control participants, and examined the influence of theory of mind on their writing. Participants ranging in age from 17 years to 42 years, matched on Vocabulary subtest scores from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale…
Descriptors: Theory of Mind, Autism, Asperger Syndrome, Writing Skills
Surtees, Andrew D. R.; Butterfill, Stephen A.; Apperly, Ian A. – British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 2012
Studies with infants show divergence between performance on theory of mind tasks depending on whether "direct" or "indirect" measures are used. It has been suggested that direct measures assess a flexible but cognitively demanding ability to reason about the minds of others, whereas indirect measures assess distinct processes…
Descriptors: Developmental Psychology, Theory of Mind, Cognitive Development, Perspective Taking
Clegg, J.; Hollis, C.; Mawhood, L.; Rutter, M. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2005
Background: Little is known on the adult outcome and longitudinal trajectory of childhood developmental language disorders (DLD) and on the prognostic predictors. Method: Seventeen men with a severe receptive DLD in childhood, reassessed in middle childhood and early adult life, were studied again in their mid-thirties with tests of intelligence…
Descriptors: Theory of Mind, Intelligence, Social Class, Siblings
