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No Effect of MMR Withdrawal on the Incidence of Autism: A Total Population Study
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Honda, Hideo; Shimizu, Yasuo; Rutter, Michael – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2005
Background: A causal relationship between the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine and occurrence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has been claimed, based on an increase in ASD in the USA and the UK after introduction of the MMR vaccine. However, the possibility that this increase is coincidental has not been eliminated. The unique…
Descriptors: Incidence, Autism, Immunization Programs, Foreign Countries
The Causes of Blindness in Childhood; A Study of 776 Children with Severe Visual Handicaps.
Fraser, G.R.; Friedman, A.I. – 1968
To investigate causes of blindness in childhood, 776 children (infancy to 20 years old) in special schools were seen in 1963. Examinations, parent questionnaires, and correspondence with health personnel were used to obtain etiological data. Causes of blindness mainly of genetic determination described are choroido-retinal degenerations,…
Descriptors: Blindness, Communicable Diseases, Congenital Impairments, Diseases
Congenital TORCH Infections in Infants and Young Children: Neurodevelopmental Sequelae and Implications for Intervention.
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Hutchinson, M. Katherine; Sandall, Susan R. – Topics in Early Childhood Special Education, 1995
This article describes TORCH infections, a congenital cluster of infections including toxoplasmosis, syphilis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, and herpes which often results in developmental disabilities for infected children. Methods of transmission, incidence, and developmental outcomes for common TORCH infections are described, as are program…
Descriptors: Child Development, Communicable Diseases, Congenital Impairments, Developmental Delays