The influence of motivation in modifying the effect of adjunct questions was explored. Each of 270 undergraduates were promised 0, 3, or 10 cents for each correct answer on a test given immediately after reading. Questions were placed either frequently or infrequently in a text, either before or after the relevant material. Controls read the text…

Trends in student attitudes and behavior toward drug use were investigated through administration of two anonymous polls to University of Maryland freshmen during summer, 1971 (N = 538) and summer, 1972 (N = 761). Both polls were designed to investigate the incidence and frequency of drug use among incoming students, as well as students' reasons…

The research examines the hypothesis that predictive validity will be greater for a test given under stress instructions than for a test given under relax instructions. (Author)

A random sample of university students was interviewed concerning illicit psychotropic drug use and administered the Personality Research Form. Univariate and multivariate analyses strongly supported the hypothesis that nonusers, moderate users, and heavy users of illicit drugs differ in personality characteristics. (Author)

Proposes that the member of a pair who is underrewarded or overrewarded by this partner is motivated to reciprocate and to restore equity, but one who is rewarded by chance is motivated only to restore equity. (MB)

The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the socionormative approach of internality in the field of education, and more specifically regarding scholastic judgment. It describes the theoretical development and the main procedures used by researchers to show that internal causal explanations have more value than external ones because they…

Based on a theory of self-awareness it was hypothesized that induced attention to the self would facilitate aggression if the salient standard of behavior was one in which high aggression was positively valued. (Editor)

Two experiments were performed to examine the influence of liking on causal attributions of another person's behavior. (Editor)

Two instruments concerned with the locus of control variable, Rotter's Internal-External Locus of Control scale and Coan's Personal Opinion Survey are compared to see how each could predict political participation of a newly enfranchised college population in a presidential election year. Different theoretical approaches of the scales are…

Groups composed of members who were rated high in interpersonal skills are found to engage in significantly more personal discussion and feedback and less impersonal discussion than groups composed of members rated low in these skills. Groups receiving pretraining show similar differences when compared to no-pretraining controls. (Author)

The present study seeks to determine the importance of one aspect of the therapeutic relationship, therapist warmth, on effecting positive behavior change using systematic desensitization. (Author)

A study was conducted to examine how the motion picture Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA) rating system (G-PG-R-X) affects movie attendance. The study also tested the validity of two behavioral theories: (1) reactance theory, which predicts that when a behavioral freedom is restricted or eliminated an individual is motivated to restore…